工藝史
外表




工藝史,歷史一門,專講古今工藝演變。工藝有兩瓣,一架生,二技巧。工藝可以至簡單,好似揼石整出架生,石器。到一九八〇年打後,好複雜好似基因工程,又好似資訊科技。
西洋講工藝,多數用希臘文兩字合成,藝同言,亦即藝言。藝指工藝同藝術,言指字同說話。本來呢隻字指應用藝術上面,今日就我哋周圍任何嘢,祇要佢有進步同改變[1]。
有新知就整到新架生,倒轉頭講,有新工藝又多啲科學進展。好似科學儀器咁,可帶我哋睇到自然更仔細,單靠我哋天然感官就好難做到。
工藝大半都歸入應用科學,工藝史自然同科學史密不可分。工藝要好多人力物力,又同經濟史好緊密。工藝由資源生資源,日常生活到處都用工藝產品。工藝變遷會改變社會文化傳統,會推動經濟增長,由經濟、政治、軍力、財富等發展見得到。
攷
[編輯]- ↑ "history of technology – Summary & Facts". 喺22 January 2018搵到.
文獻
[編輯]- Archibugi, Daniele, and Mario Planta. "Measuring technological change through patents and innovation surveys." Technovation 16.9 (1996): 451–519. online[失咗效嘅鏈]
- Brush, S.G. (1988). The History of Modern Science: A Guide to the Second Scientific Revolution 1800–1950. Ames: Iowa State University Press.
- Bunch, Bryan and Hellemans, Alexander, (1993) The Timetables of Technology, New York, Simon & Schuster.
- Castro, J. Justin. "History of technology in nineteenth and twentieth century Latin America," History Compass 18#3 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12609
- Derry, Thomas Kingston and Williams, Trevor I., (1993) A Short History of Technology: From the Earliest Times to A.D. 1900 New York: Dover Publications.
- Greenwood, Jeremy (1997) The Third Industrial Revolution: Technology, Productivity and Income Inequality AEI Press.
- Kranzberg, Melvin and Pursell, Carroll W. Jr., eds. (1967) Technology in Western Civilization: Technology in the Twentieth Century New York: Oxford University Press.
- Landa, Manuel de, War in the Age of Intelligent Machines, 2001.
- McNeil, Ian (1990). An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-14792-7.
- Olby, R.C. et al., eds. (1996). Companion to the History of Modern Science. New York, Routledge.
- Pacey, Arnold, (1974, 2ed 1994), The Maze of Ingenuity, The MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass,
- Popplow, Marcus, Technology, EGO – European History Online, Mainz: Institute of European History, 2017, retrieved: March 8, 2021 (pdf).
- Singer, C., Holmyard, E.J., Hall, A.R. and Williams, T.I. (eds.), (1954–59 and 1978) A History of Technology, 7 vols., Oxford, Clarendon Press. (Vols 6 and 7, 1978, ed. T. I. Williams)
- Wilson, George (1855). (第1版). Edinburgh: Sutherland and Knox.