虐戀
虐戀係包括文學同性學嘅術語,泛指一種涉及痛苦同折磨嘅戀愛關係。
文學
[編輯]定義
[編輯]又稱虐文,一種以心痛、悲傷情感黎寫嘅言情類文學作品,故事入面嘅男女主角戀愛過程充滿苦難,令讀者代入其中時會產生痛苦,以往結局會有種苦盡甘來嘅圓滿慰藉。
有心理學家 認為,人類係生活上獲得各種滿足感都會產生適應性,佢地好難意識到自己一直以黎其實都好幸福,然後就會陷入唔滿足嘅狀態[1]。而負面緒狀態就可以引令我地重新整理一下我地嘅認知,或者意識到自己依家唔滿足係有問題,需要解決;又或者察覺到自己其實過得好順利,係值得感恩嘅[2]。真正影響人類愉悅感嘅是負面情緒本身,觀眾「所感受到嘅愉悅同佢地所感受到嘅痛苦成正比」[3]。
英文中,tragedy paradox(悲劇悖論)一詞就專門被用來形容這樣一種情況:喺觀賞作品時所產生嘅悲傷情緒越多,反而越會增強依種愉悅感[3]。
the uneasiness of the melancholy passions is not only overpowered and effaced by something stronger of an opposite kind; but the whole impulse of those passions is converted into pleasure, and swells the delight which the eloquence raises in us. (1757 [1987: 220])[4]
性學
[編輯]定義
[編輯]英文係 Sadomasochism,係由施虐(sadism)同受虐(masochism)組合而成,通常簡稱為「SM」,指一種將快感同痛感聯繫一齊嘅性活動[5]。
從精神醫學嘅角度黎睇,SM是屬於性癖好異常嘅疾病,但如果係情侶、夫妻之間係性生活中偶然有一啲粗暴行為,可以係正常嘅,通常雙方都係理性嘅前題下發生性行為,並且掌握分寸同尊重對方,唔係病態性施虐、性侵犯、強迫性暴力,因此唔會帶比對方真正嘅傷害[6]。
醫學心理學上亦有 Algolagnia 一字,起源係由2個希臘文字組合而成:“algos” 意為痛苦,“lagneia”意為慾望。[7]
相關嘅概念通常會提及 BDSM,代表束縛與調教、支配與臣服、施虐與受虐。
引述
[編輯]- ↑ NH, Frijda (1988). The laws of emotion. American Psychologist. pp. 43, 349–358.
- ↑ Bless, H., Bohner, G., Schwarz, N., & Strack, F. (1990). Mood and persuasion: A cognitive response analy- sis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. pp. 16, 331–345.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單 (link) - 1 2 Gilmore, Jonathan (2025). Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (編). Paradox of Tragedy (第Spring 2025版). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University.
- ↑ Hume, David (1757 [1987]). “Of Tragedy”, in his Four Dissertations, London: A. Millar.Collected as Essay XXII in his Essays, Moral, Political, and Literary, Eugene F. Miller (ed. Revised edition, Indianapolis, IN: LibertyClassics: London: R. and J. Dodsley. pp. 216-225 (https://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/hume-essays-moral-political-literary-lf-ed#lf0059_label_343).
{{cite book}}: Check date values in:|year=(help) - ↑ "Sadomasochism | Definition, Behaviors, Pathologization, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com (英文). 2025-09-27. 喺2025-11-16搵到.
- ↑ 〈心寧診所〉。www.peacefulmindclinic.com。喺2025-11-16搵到。
- ↑ Murphy, T. Franklin (2023-08-13). "The Origins of Algolagnia: A Brief History of Pain and Lust". Psychology Fanatic (美國英文). 喺2025-11-16搵到.