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遺忘曲線

出自維基百科,自由嘅百科全書

遺忘曲線英文forgetting curve)喺認知心理學上係指模擬遺忘過程嘅數學模型

簡化講,遺忘嘅過程可以用噉樣想像:記憶嘅強度 會跟住時間()慢慢減弱,用數學嚟講即係話 嘅一個函數[1]

假設有咁嘅實驗:研究者叫受試者睇一堆生字,然後收走啲字,過一排再叫佢哋盡量寫返佢哋記得嘅字。通常嚟講,受試者對某個字記得愈清楚,就愈大機會寫得返出嚟。如果其他條件都係一樣,時間過得愈耐,受試者就愈難記得返啲字。即係話將「受試者記得返隻字嘅機率」()同時間 畫成圖,應該會見到一條向下(斜率 )嘅曲線[2][3]。實驗研究顯示,遺忘可以用下面呢個數學模型嚟表達,而呢個就係所謂嘅遺忘曲線[4][5]

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引咗

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  1. Hewitt, D., Sprague, K., Yearout, R., Lisnerski, D., & Sparks, C. (1992). The effects of unequal relearning rates on estimating forgetting parameters associated with performance curves. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 10(3), 217-224.
  2. "Recall (memory)". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  3. Baddeley, Alan D., "The Psychology of Memory", pp. 131-132, Basic Books, Inc., Publishers, New York, 1976.
  4. Jaber, M. Y. (2006). Learning and forgetting models and their applications. Handbook of industrial and systems engineering, 30(1), 30-127.
  5. Globerson, S., Levin, N., & Shtub, A. (1989). The impact of breaks on forgetting when performing a repetitive task. IIE transactions, 21(4), 376-381.