阿富汗戰爭
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反恐戰爭同阿富汗衝突嘅一部分
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File:Collage of the War in Afghanistan (2001-present).png
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日期: |
2001年10月7號到2021年8月30號
第一階段:2001年10月7號-2014年12月28號 第二階段:2015年1月1號-2021年8月30號(美軍最後一批飛機撤離阿富汗)[1][2]
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地點: |
阿富汗
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結果: |
美軍完全撤離阿富汗,塔利班贏咗,宣佈建立阿富汗伊斯蘭酋長國
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領土變更:
| 塔利班佔領戰前為北方聯盟控制下的阿富汗北部大部分領土。
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參戰方 |
入侵行動: 北方聯盟 美國 英國 加拿大 澳洲 紐西蘭 法國 德國 意大利 荷蘭
| 入侵行動: 阿富汗伊斯蘭酋長國 阿蓋達 055旅[5][6] 烏茲別克伊斯蘭運動[7] 伊斯蘭教法執行運動[8] 東突厥斯坦伊斯蘭運動[9]
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持久戰: 阿富汗伊斯蘭共和國 聯軍支援: 堅定支持特派團(2015–2021)[10][11][12]
| 持久戰: 塔利班
基地組織 塔利班分裂派別[15]
| 滲透戰: 伊斯蘭國呼羅珊省[29]
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2021年起: 潘傑希爾反抗軍
| 2021年起: 阿富汗伊斯蘭酋長國
| 滲透戰: 伊斯蘭國呼羅珊省[29]
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指揮官同領導者 |
Hamid Karzai Ashraf Ghani 喬治布殊 奧巴馬 當勞侵 祖拜登 貝理雅 白高敦 甘民樂 文翠珊 約翰遜 克里田 Paul Martin 史提芬哈珀 朱斯坦·杜呂多 約翰·何華德 陸克文 茱莉亞·基勒 Tony Abbott 茂琴·譚保 史葛·摩利臣 貝斯剛尼 Romano Prodi Mario Monti Enrico Letta 倫齊 Paolo Gentiloni 孔特 Mario Draghi Gerhard Schröder 默克爾 Kenneth F. McKenzie Jr. John F. Campbell List of former ISAF Commanders List of former RS Commanders
| Mohammed Omar # Akhtar Mansoor †
Jalaluddin Haqqani #[32] Obaidullah Akhund †[31] Dadullah Akhund †[31] Gulbuddin Hekmatyar 賓拉登 † Ayman al-Zawahiri Asim Umar †
Haji Najibullah[33]
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兵力 |
阿富汗國民軍:100,000人 北約:130,000人
| 塔利班武裝分子同佢盟友:超過12萬名活躍戰士(2010年)
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3,500–4,000人(2018年喺阿富汗)[36]
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傷亡同損失 |
阿富汗保安部隊:6,500人陣亡 北方聯盟:200人陣亡 聯軍:超過3500人陣亡[37],英國313人、其他433人 超過15,000人傷 美國民間承包商:338人陣亡、7,224人傷[38] 加埋9,000人陣亡、25,000人傷
| 超過20,000人陣亡
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超過2,400人死[29]
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阿富汗戰爭(War in Afghanistan)係以美國為首嘅聯軍喺2001年10月7號起對抗阿富汗阿蓋達同塔利班嘅一場戰爭,係美國對九一一事件嘅報復行動,同時亦標誌住反恐戰爭嘅開始。
- ↑ "Taliban enter Kabul, await 'peaceful transfer' of power". New York Post.
- ↑ "Taliban seize presidential palace in Kabul as Western diplomats flee". CNBC.
- ↑ Hakim, Yalda. "An anti-Taliban coalition seems to be forming, including Vice President @AmrullahSaleh2 and Ahmad Massoud, son of Ahmad Shah Massoud - they are in Panjsher, about three hours drive from Kabul #Afghanistan". BBC News. 原先內容歸檔喺2021-08-17. 喺2021-08-17搵到.
- ↑ "The Panjshir Valley: what is the main bastion of resistance against the Taliban advance in Afghanistan". Market Research Telecast. 17 August 2021. 原先內容歸檔喺2021-08-16. 喺2021-08-17搵到.
- ↑ "The elite force who are ready to die". The Guardian. 2001-10-27.
- ↑ Neville, Leigh, Special Forces in the War on Terror (General Military), Osprey Publishing, 2015 ISBN 978-1472807908, p.48
- ↑ "Pakistan's 'fanatical' Uzbek militants". BBC. 2014-06-11.
- ↑ "Pakistan's militant Islamic groups". BBC. 2002-01-13.
- ↑ "Evaluating the Uighur Threat". the long war journal. 2008-10-09.
- ↑ 〈安理會代表團結束對阿富汗三天訪問 重申對該國恢復和平與穩定努力給予支持〉. 聯合國. 2018-01-15. 原先內容歸檔喺2020-09-26. 喺2021-08-31搵到.
- ↑ 〈北約外長會議決定延長在阿富汗的"堅定支持"使命〉. 喺2015-10-04搵到.
- ↑ "News – Resolute Support Mission". 原著喺2015-02-28歸檔. 喺2015-10-04搵到.
- ↑ "Taliban storm Kunduz city". The Long War Journal. 喺2015-09-30搵到.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 The Taliban's new leadership is allied with al Qaeda, The Long War Journal, 31 July 2015
- ↑ 〈新頭目難獲認可 塔利班空前分裂〉. 《香港商報》. 原著喺2021-07-24歸檔. 喺2015-09-30搵到.
- ↑ Rod Nordland (2012-05-19). "In Afghanistan, New Group Begins Campaign of Terror". The New York Times. 喺2021-06-25搵到.
- ↑ Rod Nordland; Jawad Sukhanyar; Taimoor Shah (2017-06-19). "Afghan Government Quietly Aids Breakaway Taliban Faction". The New York Times. 喺2017-09-06搵到.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 Matthew DuPée (January 2018). "Red on Red: Analyzing Afghanistan's Intra-Insurgency Violence". Combating Terrorism Center. 原著喺2018-11-16歸檔. 喺2018-02-18搵到.
- ↑ "Central Asian groups split over leadership of global jihad". The Long War Journal. 2015-08-24. 喺2015-08-27搵到.
- ↑ "Who is Lashkar-e-Jhangvi?". Voanews.com. 2016-10-25. 喺2017-06-02搵到.
- ↑ "ISIS 'OUTSOURCES' TERROR ATTACKS TO THE PAKISTANI TALIBAN IN AFGHANISTAN: U.N. REPORT". Newsweek. 2017-08-15.
- ↑ "Report: Iran pays $1,000 for each U.S. soldier killed by the Taliban". NBC News. 2010-05-09.
- ↑ Tabatabai, Ariane M. (2019-08-09). "Iran's cooperation with the Taliban could affect talks on U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan". The Washington Post.
- ↑ Martinez, Luis (2020-07-10). "Top Pentagon officials say Russian bounty program not corroborated". ABC News.
- ↑ Shams, Shamil (2020-03-04). "US-Taliban deal: How Pakistan's 'Islamist support' finally paid off". Deutsche Welle.
- ↑ Jamal, Umair (2020-05-23). "Understanding Pakistan's Take on India-Taliban Talks". The Diplomat.
- ↑ "Saudis Bankroll Taliban, Even as King Officially Supports Afghan Government". The New York Times. 2016-06-12.
- ↑ "China offered Afghan militants bounties to attack US soldiers: reports". Deutsche Welle. 2020-12-31.
- ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 Seldin, Jeff (2017-11-18). "Afghan Officials: Islamic State Fighters Finding Sanctuary in Afghanistan". VOA News. ISSN 0261-3077. 喺2017-11-18搵到.
- ↑ 30.0 30.1 "Uzbek militants in Afghanistan pledge allegiance to ISIS in beheading video". khaama.com.
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 "'Afghan Taliban leader Mullah Omar is dead'". The Express Tribune. 29 July 2015. 喺29 July 2015搵到.
- ↑ "'The Kennedys of the Taliban movement' lose their patriarch". NBC News (英文). 喺19 March 2019搵到.
- ↑ "Mullah Najibullah: Too Radical for the Taliban". Newsweek. 30 August 2013. 喺22 August 2015搵到.
- ↑ "Who Is the New Leader of Islamic State-Khorasan Province?". Lawfare. September 2, 2020.
- ↑ Shalizi, Hamid (April 7, 2018). "Afghan air strike kills Islamic State commander" –透過www.reuters.com.
- ↑ "S/2018/705 - E - S/2018/705 -Desktop". undocs.org.
- ↑ 〈存檔副本〉. 原先內容歸檔喺2010-04-06. 喺2010-04-06搵到.
- ↑ 〈存檔副本〉. 原先內容歸檔喺2017-12-08. 喺2010-06-11搵到.