非歐拉商數

出自維基百科,自由嘅百科全書

數論中,非歐拉商數係一個唔喺歐拉函數 φ 值域中嘅整數n 。換句話講,若果n係非歐拉商數,就唔存在一個整數x,咁啱有n 個小於x 而又同x 互質嘅整數。除咗1 之外(x=1 同x=2 都係佢嘅解),其他嘅奇數都係非歐拉商數。頭五十個偶非歐拉商數為:

14, 26, 34, 38, 50, 62, 68, 74, 76, 86, 90, 94, 98, 114, 118, 122, 124, 134, 142, 146, 152, 154, 158, 170, 174, 182, 186, 188, 194, 202, 206, 214, 218, 230, 234, 236, 242, 244, 246, 248, 254, 258, 266, 274, 278, 284, 286, 290, 298, 302OEIS數列A005277

偶非歐拉商數可能比某一質數多一,但絕不可能少一,因為所有小於某一質數嘅數,依定義,必定同呢個質數互質。寫成方程式,即係φ(p) = p − 1 。此外,普洛尼克數 p(p − 1) 亦絕對唔會係非歐拉商數,因為φ(p 2) = p(p − 1) 。

更甚者,非歐拉商數亦唔會係型嘅數,因爲

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n k 使得 φ(k) = n n k 使得 φ(k) = n n k 使得 φ(k) = n n k 使得 φ(k) = n
1 1, 2 37 73 109
2 3, 4, 6 38 74 110 121, 242
3 39 75 111
4 5, 8, 10, 12 40 41, 55, 75, 82, 88, 100, 110, 132, 150 76 112 113, 145, 226, 232, 290, 348
5 41 77 113
6 7, 9, 14, 18 42 43, 49, 86, 98 78 79, 158 114
7 43 79 115
8 15, 16, 20, 24, 30 44 69, 92, 138 80 123, 164, 165, 176, 200, 220, 246, 264, 300, 330 116 177, 236, 354
9 45 81 117
10 11, 22 46 47, 94 82 83, 166 118
11 47 83 119
12 13, 21, 26, 28, 36, 42 48 65, 104, 105, 112, 130, 140, 144, 156, 168, 180, 210 84 129, 147, 172, 196, 258, 294 120 143, 155, 175, 183, 225, 231, 244, 248, 286, 308, 310, 350, 366, 372, 396, 450, 462
13 49 85 121
14 50 86 122
15 51 87 123
16 17, 32, 34, 40, 48, 60 52 53, 106 88 89, 115, 178, 184, 230, 276 124
17 53 89 125
18 19, 27, 38, 54 54 81, 162 90 126 127, 254
19 55 91 127
20 25, 33, 44, 50, 66 56 87, 116, 174 92 141, 188, 282 128 255, 256, 272, 320, 340, 384, 408, 480, 510
21 57 93 129
22 23, 46 58 59, 118 94 130 131, 262
23 59 95 131
24 35, 39, 45, 52, 56, 70, 72, 78, 84, 90 60 61, 77, 93, 99, 122, 124, 154, 186, 198 96 97, 119, 153, 194, 195, 208, 224, 238, 260, 280, 288, 306, 312, 336, 360, 390, 420 132 161, 201, 207, 268, 322, 402, 414
25 61 97 133
26 62 98 134
27 63 99 135
28 29, 58 64 85, 128, 136, 160, 170, 192, 204, 240 100 101, 125, 202, 250 136 137, 274
29 65 101 137
30 31, 62 66 67, 134 102 103, 206 138 139, 278
31 67 103 139
32 51, 64, 68, 80, 96, 102, 120 68 104 159, 212, 318 140 213, 284, 426
33 69 105 141
34 70 71, 142 106 107, 214 142
35 71 107 143
36 37, 57, 63, 74, 76, 108, 114, 126 72 73, 91, 95, 111, 117, 135, 146, 148, 152, 182, 190, 216, 222, 228, 234, 252, 270 108 109, 133, 171, 189, 218, 266, 324, 342, 378 144 185, 219, 273, 285, 292, 296, 304, 315, 364, 370, 380, 432, 438, 444, 456, 468, 504, 540, 546, 570, 630

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