File:Musa acuminata - banana trees (Watling's Well Banana Hole, San Salvador Island, Bahamas) 2 (15805691884).jpg
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摘要
描述Musa acuminata - banana trees (Watling's Well Banana Hole, San Salvador Island, Bahamas) 2 (15805691884).jpg |
Musa acuminata Colla, 1820 - banana trees at Watling’s Well Banana Hole, southern San Salvador Island. These banana trees are left over from the 1700s to 1800s Plantation Era. They are growing wild next to a type of karst feature called a banana hole, which are relatively small, relatively low caves having a subcircular shape in plan view. Traditionally, banana holes are interpreted as phreatic dissolutional features that formed at the top of an ancient groundwater lens (at the water table), away from the margins of a carbonate island. Like flank margin caves, banana holes originally had no entrances to the surface. With erosional denudation of limestone bedrock surfaces, banana hole ceilings collapse, resulting in a cave entrance. Recent karst research has shown that banana holes are immature flank margin caves that started to develop at the margins of former fresh-groundwater lenses, where mixing with seawater occurred (see Myrloie et al., 2012). Freshwater-seawater mixing zone waters have high aggressivity, resulting in calcium carbonate dissolution and cave development. Once the ceiling of a banana hole collapses, the cave becomes a local depocenter for sediment and organic debris. This results in the development of a decent soil (decent for the Bahamas). In the Plantation Era, the soils in banana holes were used to grow certain agricultural crops such as banana trees (they are not true trees, however). Classification: Plantae, Angiospermophyta, Zingiberales, Musaceae Reference cited: Myrloie, J.E., J.L. Carew, H.A. Curran, F. Godefroid, P. Kindler & N.E. Sealey. 2012. Geology of New Providence Island, Bahamas: a Field Trip Guide. 58 pp. |
日期 | |
來源 | Musa acuminata - banana trees (Watling's Well Banana Hole, San Salvador Island, Bahamas) 2 |
作者 | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by jsj1771 at https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/15805691884. It was reviewed on 2015年3月2號 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
2015年3月2號
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圖中顯示嘅係
creator 英文
some value
26 3 2007
0.002 秒
f-number 英文
5
focal length 英文
48 毫米
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現時 | 2015年3月2號 (一) 21:10 | 3,008 × 2,000(2.48 MB) | Jacopo Werther | Transferred from Flickr via Flickr2Commons |
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相機廠商 | NIKON CORPORATION |
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相機型號 | NIKON D70s |
曝光長度 | 1/500 秒 (0.002) |
F 值 | f/5 |
原創日期時間 | 2007年3月26號 (一) 15:54 |
鏡頭焦距 | 48 毫米 |
攞放方向 | 正常 |
橫解像度 | 300 dpi |
直解像度 | 300 dpi |
用過嘅軟件 | Adobe Photoshop CS2 Macintosh |
檔案更動日期時間 | 2015年2月2號 (一) 10:58 |
Y 同 C 位置 | Co-sited |
曝光程序 | 無定義 |
Exif版本 | 2.21 |
制成數碼日期時間 | 2007年3月26號 (一) 15:54 |
每個部份嘅意思 |
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影像壓縮模式 | 4 |
曝光偏壓 | 0 |
最大陸地孔徑 | 4.4 APEX (f/4.59) |
測距模式 | 圖案 |
光源 | 唔知 |
閃光燈 | 閃光燈開火、頻閃觀測器偵測到光、自動模式 |
日期時間細秒 | 80 |
日期時間原細秒 | 80 |
日期時間數碼化細秒 | 80 |
支援嘅 Flashpix 版本 | 1 |
色彩空間 | sRGB |
感知方法 | 單晶片色彩空間感應器 |
快勞來源 | Digital still camera |
埸景類型 | 一張直接映像 |
自訂影像處理 | 一般程序 |
曝光模式 | 自動曝光 |
白平衡 | 自動白平衡 |
數碼放大比例 | 1 |
以35毫米菲林計嘅焦距 | 72 毫米 |
場景捕捉類型 | 標準 |
場景控制 | 小增 |
對比 | 軟 |
飽和度 | 平常 |
清晰度 | 平常 |
物件距離範圍 | 唔知 |
支援嘅 Flashpix 版本 | 1 |
影像闊度 | 3,008 px |
影像高度 | 2,000 px |
Date metadata was last modified | 2015年2月2號 (一) 05:58 |