金屬空氣電池

出自維基百科，自由嘅百科全書
鋅空氣電池用喺助聽器

金屬空氣化學電池係一種化學電池，陽極用固體金屬嚟造，陰極用空氣，係氧氣，氧溶喺水質，或極性非質子溶劑嘅電極之中[1][2]。

電池放電嘅時候，空氣之中嘅陰極進行氧化還原反應，而金屬造嘅陽極就氧化。

呢一類電池嘅能量密度、能量存量比較一般嘅鋰電池（鋰離子）為高， 齋睇同樣重量大細，相比之下，金屬空氣電池用得耐啲。但係陽極、催化劑、電解液各方面都有種種嘅問題，未能夠大量普及咁用[3][4]。

種[編輯]

  • 鋰空氣電池
  • 納空氣電池
  • 鈣空氣電池
  • 鋅空氣電池
  • 鉀空氣電池
  • 鐵空氣電池

比[編輯]

陽極金屬 理論效率，Wh/kg
(包埋氧) 		理論效率，Wh/kg
(包埋氧) 		計算電壓, V
鋁 4300[5] 8140[6] 1.2
鍺 1480 7850 1
鈣 2990 4180 3.12
鐵 1431 2044 1.3
鋰 5210 11140 2.91
鎂 2789 6462 2.93
鉀 935[7][8] 1700[Note 1] 2.48[7][8]
鈉 1677 2260 2.3[9][10]
錫[11] 860 6250 0.95
鋅 1090 1350 1.65

註[編輯]

  1. ↑ Calculated from the specific energy density (including oxygen) value and 39.1 and 16 atomic weight data for K and O respectively for KO2

攷[編輯]

  1. ↑ "Metal air". December 27, 2010. 原著喺2010-12-27歸檔.
  2. ↑ "Metal–Air Batteries Lithium, Aluminum, Zinc, and Carbon" (PDF). 原著 (PDF)喺2017-01-28歸檔. 喺2013-04-04搵到.
  3. ↑ Li, Y.; Lu, J. (2017). "Metal–Air Batteries: Will They Be the Future Electrochemical Energy Storage Device of Choice?". ACS Energy Letters. 2 (6): 1370–1377. doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.7b00119. OSTI 1373737.
  4. ↑ Zhang, X.; Wang, X.; Xie, Z.; Zhou, Z. (2016). "Recent progress in rechargeable alkali metal–air batteries". Green Energy & Environment. 1 (1): 4–17. doi:10.1016/j.gee.2016.04.004.
  5. ↑ "Electrically Rechargeable Metal–Air Batteries (ERMAB)". 原著喺3 March 2016歸檔. 喺25 March 2012搵到.
  6. ↑ "Batteries for Oxygen Concentrators". NASA.gov. 原著喺26 February 2014歸檔.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Wu, Yiying; Ren, Xiaodi (2013). "A Low-Overpotential Potassium−Oxygen Battery Based on Potassium Superoxide". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 135 (8): 2923–2926. doi:10.1021/ja312059q. PMID 23402300.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Ren, Xiaodi; Wu, Yiying (2013). "A Low-Overpotential Potassium−Oxygen Battery Based on Potassium Superoxide". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 135 (8): 2923–2926. doi:10.1021/ja312059q. PMID 23402300.
  9. ↑ Sun, Qian (2012). "Electrochemical properties of room temperature sodium–air batteries with non-aqueous electrolyte". Electrochemistry Communications. 16: 22–25. doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2011.12.019.
  10. ↑ "BASF investigating sodium–air batteries as alternative to Li–air; patent application filed with USPTO". Green Car Congress.
  11. ↑ Ju, HyungKuk; Lee, Jaeyoung (2015). "High-temperature liquid Sn–air energy storage cell". Journal of Energy Chemistry. 24 (5): 614–619. doi:10.1016/j.jechem.2015.08.006.

拎[編輯]

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