停火
停火係指一個暫時停止戰爭嘅共識，雙方都同意制止武力行動[1] 。停火有可能係一份和約嘅一部分，但亦有時只係一個非正式嘅共識。 停火係聯合國憲章第7章提出嘅和解過程嘅其中一個方法[2]。
目標[編輯]
停火嘅短暫目標都係制止武力，但係佢哋嘅長期目標就唔一定一樣。有啲時候，停火純粹係爲咗提供人道援助、減低傷亡、或者甚至用啲時間嚟準備之後嘅攻擊[3]。喺其他情況，停火係一個長期嘅處理方法，亦係重啓和解嘅第一步[4]。
停火協議嘅長久性視乎唔同嘅因素，包括設立非軍事區、撤軍嘅程度、第三者維和等等。最長久嘅停火，通常都會盡量減低再次攻擊嘅動機、減少不確定、同埋避免任何意外演變成爲大型軍事行動[1]。
例子[編輯]
睇埋[編輯]
出面網頁[編輯]
- University of Edinburgh Ceasefires Tracker
- Search for ceasefire agreements on the Peace Agreement Access Tool (PA-X), 1990-2015.
- Search for ceasefire agreements in the UN Peacemaker Database
- Search for women and ceasefire agreements in PA-X Women Database
攷[編輯]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Fortna, Virginia Page (2004). Peace Time: Cease-Fire Agreements and the Durability of Peace. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-18795-2. OCLC 1044838807.
- ↑ Forster, Robert A. (2019), "Ceasefires", 出自 Romaniuk, Scott; Thapa, Manish; Marton, Péter (編), The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies (英文), Springer, pp. 1–8, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-74336-3_8-2, ISBN 978-3-319-74336-3, S2CID 239326729
- ↑ Clayton, Govinda; Nygård, Håvard Mokleiv; Rustad, Siri Aas; Strand, Håvard (2023). "Ceasefires in Civil Conflict: A Research Agenda". Journal of Conflict Resolution (英文). doi:10.1177/00220027221128300. hdl:20.500.11850/576568. ISSN 0022-0027. S2CID 252793375.
- ↑ Sosnowski, Marika (2023). Redefining Ceasefires: Wartime Order and Statebuilding in Syria. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781009347204. ISBN 978-1-009-34722-8.
睇多啲[編輯]
- Clayton Govinda, Nygård Håvard Mokleiv, Strand Håvard, Rustad Siri Aas, Wiehler Claudia, Sagård Tora, Landsverk Peder, Ryland Reidun, Sticher Valerie, Wink Emma, Bara Corrine. 2022. “Introducing the Civil Conflict Ceasefire Dataset.” Journal of Conflict Resolution.
- Akebo, Malin. (2016). Ceasefire Agreements and Peace Processes: A Comparative Study. Routledge.
- Colletta, Nat. (2011). "Mediating ceasefires and cessations of hostilities agreements in the framework of peace processes." In Peacemaking: From Practice to Theory. Praeger, 135–147.
- Forster, Robert A. (2019). Ceasefires. In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies. Palgrave.
- Fortna, Virginia Page. (2004). Peace Time: Cease-fire Agreements and the Durability of Peace. Princeton University Press.
- Williams, R., Gustafson, D., Gent, S., & Crescenzi, M. (2021). "A latent variable approach to measuring and explaining peace agreement strength." Political Science Research and Methods, 9(1), 89–105.