黃錫凌羅馬拼音

廣東話拼音方案

黃錫凌式音標 黃錫凌羅馬拼音 教育學院拼音方案 粵拼 劉錫祥拼音 耶魯粵語拼音 廣州話拼音方案 Meyer-Wempe 香港政府粵語拼音 廣東話拼音(Penkyamp) 新法蘭西粵語拼音方案 粵語羅馬字 趙元任粵語羅馬字

黃錫凌羅馬拼音係一個由專研粵語嘅語言學家黃錫凌設計嘅粵語羅馬化方案，佢同埋粵語寬式國際音標一齊刊載喺《粵音韻彙》入面嘅附錄《粵音羅馬字注音新法建議》[1]。

音系

好似其他中文嘅方言咁，廣東話係單音節嘅，每個音節都可以分割為尾音、頭音同埋聲調。

尾音

因為韻母同詩詞等文學作品嘅壓韻有關，所以中文嘅重音通常係喺韻母上。標準粵語共有53個尾音。

韻母

喺黃錫凌羅馬拼音入面共有10個表示韻母嘅符號：[a]、[ɐ]、[ei]、[ɛ]、[i]、[ou]、[ɔ]、[œ]、[u]同埋[y]。

國際音標	[a]	[ɐ]	[eː]	[ɛ]	[i]	[oː]	[ɔ]	[œ]	[u]	[y]
粵語寬式國際音標	[a]	[ɐ]	[ei]	[ɛ]	[i]	[ou]	[ɔ]	[œ]	[u]	[y]
黃錫凌羅馬拼音	aa	a	ei	e	i	ou	o	eu	u	ue

單元音韻母/雙元音韻母

除咗「a」之外，粵語嘅所有元音音素都可以自成一個單元音韻母。

粵語一啲元音音素可以同-i、-u和-ue三個韻尾結合，組成雙元音韻母：

	aa	a	ei	e	i	ou	o	eu	u	ue
-	aa		ei	e	i	ou	o	oe	u	ue
-i	aai	ai					oi		ui
-u	aau	au			iu
-ue								eue[1]

1. ^  音素「eu」同「ue」嘅結合係「euue」。「euue」入面嘅兩個u被省略為一個u，變成咗韻母「eue」。

鼻音韻母

下面段文未譯好，歡迎你幫手。

The nasal consonants [m], [n] and [ŋ] in finals can be written as:

International phonetic alphabet	[m]	[n]	[ŋ]
S. L. Wong (phonetic symbol)	[m]	[n]	[ŋ]
S. L. Wong (romanisation)	m	n	ng

Some vowel phonemes can followed by nasal consonants -m, -n or -ng to form 17 nasal phoneme finals:

	aa	a	ei	e	i	ou	o	eu	u	ue
-m	aam	am			im
-n	aan	an			in		on	eun	un	uen
-ng	aang	ang		eng	ing		ong	eung	ung

For detail explanation of the phonetic system, see S. L. Wong (phonetic symbols)#Nasal phoneme finals.

Plosive phoneme finals

The plosive final can be written [p], [t] and [k] as:

International phonetic alphabet	[p]	[t]	[k]
S. L. Wong (phonetic symbol)	[p]	[t]	[k]
S. L. Wong (romanisation)	p	t	k

Some vowel phonemes can followed by inaspirated plosive consonants -p, -t or -k to form 17 plosive phoneme finals:

	aa	a	ei	e	i	ou	o	eu	u	ue
-p	aap	ap			ip
-t	aat	at			it		ot	eut	ut	uet
-k	aak	ak		ek	ik		ok	euk	uk

For detail explanation of the phonetic system, see S. L. Wong (phonetic symbols)#Plosive phoneme finals.

Nasal consonantoids fully voiced finals

For the nasal consonantoids fully voiced finals

[m] and [ŋ] in voiced form [m̩] and [ŋ̩] are also 2 finals in Cantonese.

International phonetic alphabet	[m̩]	[ŋ̩]
S. L. Wong (phonetic symbol)	[m̩]	[ŋ̩]
S. L. Wong (romanisation)	m	ng

For detail explanation of the phonetic system, see S. L. Wong (phonetic symbols)#Nasal consonantoids fully voiced finals.

Initials

Initials are made up of consonants. Most of characters are preceding finals with initials while some characters are pronounced without initials. There are 19 initials in total.

International phonetic alphabet	[m]	[n]	[ŋ̩]	[p]	[t]	[k]	[kʷ]	[pʰ]	[tʰ]	[kʰ]	[kʷʰ]	[ts]	[tsʰ]	[f]	[s]	[h]	[j]	[w]	[l]
S. L. Wong (phonetic symbol)	[m]	[n]	[ŋ̩]	[b]	[d]	[g]	[gw]	[p]	[t]	[k]	[kw]	[dz]	[ts]	[f]	[s]	[h]	[j]	[w]	[l]
S. L. Wong (romanisation)	m	n	ng	b	d	g	gw	p	t	k	kw	dz	ts	f	s	h	y	w	l

For detail explanation of the phonetic system, see S. L. Wong (phonetic symbols)#Initials.

Tones

There are basically 9 tones in Standard Cantonese. Tones play an important role to distinguish meanings in Cantonese. Tones also forms melodies in poem and prose composition.

There are two ways to mark tones in the scheme. One is by number and another by marks.

It is hard to type the tones by typewriters. It therefore simply uses the one in the phonetic symbols for reference.

	level	rising	going	entering
upper	ˈx (1)			ˈx (7)	upper
		ˊx (2)	ˉx (3)	ˉx (8)	middle
lower		ˏx (5)	ˍx (6	ˍx (9)	lower
	ˌx (4)

For detail explanation of the phonetic system, see S. L. Wong (phonetic symbols)#Tones.

See also

• S. L. Wong (phonetic symbols)

參考

1. 黃錫凌 (1941年). 《粵音韻彙》. 香港: Chung Hwa Book Co.,(H.K.) Ltd..