希伯來字母

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希伯來字母

希伯來字母希伯來文אָלֶף־בֵּית עִבְרִי‎,羅馬拼音:alef-bet ʿIvri)係拼寫希伯來文字母,有22個,唔分大細楷,寫字嘅時候係由右到左打橫寫。22個字母當中嘅其中5個喺字尾(字嘅最左便)嘅時候會唔同寫法,不過如果個字得一個字母就唔算數。而今用緊嘅除咗正楷字母之外,仲有一套手寫用嘅 「潦草」 字母。

而今用緊嘅正楷字母其實唔係古代本來用開嗰套,而係喺公元前三世紀嗰陣,當以色列變成波斯帝國嘅猶大省嘅時候,由當時嘅波斯官話阿拉米文成套借過來,本來叫做 「亞述字」(希伯來文כְּתָב אַשּׁוּרִי‎,ktav Ashuri),但係而今一般人只會叫佢做 「方塊字」(希伯來文כתב מרובע‎,ktav merubaʿ),因為成套亞述字借過來用嗰陣,為咗廢事令人反感,已經將套字改咗名。而今一般人唔會識睇古希伯來字,[1] 「亞述體」 亦都只係指宗教典藉用嘅一種書法字體或者印刷字體

希伯來字母亦都用來寫依地文

字母一覽[編輯]

[註 1] 類似粵讀 正楷 潦草 數值 古體
喺尾 唔喺尾 喺尾 唔喺尾
alef aa1 le4 fu̷4 א Hebrew letter Alef handwriting.svg Early Aramaic character - Alaph.png
bet [註 2] bet1 ב Hebrew letter Bet handwriting.svg Early Aramaic character - Beth.png
gimel [註 3] gi1 mou4 ג Hebrew letter Gimel handwriting.svg Early Aramaic character - gimmel.png
dalet [註 4] daa1 let4 ד Hebrew letter Daled handwriting.svg Early Aramaic character - daled.png
he hei1 ה Hebrew letter He handwriting.svg Early Aramaic character - heh.png
vav waa1 fu̷4 ו Hebrew letter Vav handwriting.svg Early Aramaic character - vav.png
zayin saa1 jin4 ז Hebrew letter Zayin handwriting.svg Early Aramaic character - zayin.png
het het1 ח Hebrew letter Het handwriting.svg Early Aramaic character - khet.png
tet tet1 ט Hebrew letter Tet handwriting.svg Early Aramaic character - tet.png
yod jot1 י Hebrew letter Yud handwriting.svg Early Aramaic character - yud.png
kaf [註 5] kaa1 fu̷4 ך כ Hebrew letter Kaf-final handwriting.svg Hebrew letter Kaf handwriting.svg 二十 Early Aramaic character - khof.png
lamed laa1 met4 ל Hebrew letter Lamed handwriting.svg 三十 Early Aramaic character - lamed.png
mem mem1 ם מ Hebrew letter Mem-final handwriting.svg Hebrew letter Mem handwriting.svg 四十 Early Aramaic character - mem.png
nun nun1 ן נ Hebrew letter Nun-final handwriting.svg Hebrew letter Nun handwriting.svg 五十 Early Aramaic character - nun.png
samekh saa1 mek4 ס Hebrew letter Samekh handwriting.svg 六十 Early Aramaic character - samekh.png
ayin ngaa1 jin4 ע Hebrew letter Ayin handwriting.svg 七十 Early Aramaic character - ayin.png
pe [註 6] pei1 ף פ Hebrew letter Pe-final handwriting.svg Hebrew letter Pe handwriting.svg 八十 Early Aramaic character - pey.png
tsadi caa1 di4 ץ צ Hebrew letter Tsadik-final handwriting.svg Hebrew letter Tsadik handwriting.svg 九十 Early Aramaic character - tzadi.png
qof ko1 fu̷4 ק Hebrew letter Kuf handwriting.svg 一百 Early Aramaic character - quf.png
resh re1 syu̷4 ר Hebrew letter Resh handwriting.svg 二百 Early Aramaic character - resh.png
shin [註 7] sin1 ש Hebrew letter Shin handwriting.svg 三百 Early Aramaic character - shin.png
tav taa1 fu̷4 ת Hebrew letter Taf handwriting.svg 四百 Early Aramaic character - tof.png

希伯來數字[編輯]

內文:希伯來數字

希伯來文嘅字母可以當數字用,用法有啲類似中文,但係要避忌上帝嘅名,另外因為百位嘅字母只係去到四百,所以寫七百以上局住要重覆用一啲字母,但係應該儘量減少重覆。至於一千以上,一千萬以下嘅數就要配合撇(׳,geresh)符號,拆兩組寫。希伯來數字已經唔常用,最常見係用來寫日子

筆順[編輯]

同中文一樣,手寫希伯來文都講筆順,例如頭兩個字母嘅潦草係咁寫至啱:

Aleph stroke order.png (右到左)
第一個字母 א 右面起筆,逆時針打半個圈之後提筆,之後先寫左面嗰楝
Bet stroke order.png (右到左)
第二個字母 ב 左面起筆,順時針打四分一個圈之後䟴筆,向左打橫之後䟴筆收筆

[編輯]

  1. 呢個表用嘅係統一碼用嘅羅馬拼音,唔係以色列官方嘅標準羅馬拼音或者民間嘅其他羅馬拼音,見 "Hebrew" (character code chart). The Unicode Standard (第15.0版). Unicode, Inc. 喺2022年9月16號搵到.
  2. ב 有兩個讀音,要分嘅時候有點嘅 בּ 叫 bet, 冇點嘅 ב 叫 vet
  3. 喺古典希伯來文同一啲現代方言,有點嘅 גּ 同冇點嘅 ג 唔同讀音
  4. 喺古典希伯來文同一啲現代方言,有點嘅 דּ 同冇點嘅 ד 唔同讀音
  5. כ 有兩個讀音,要分嘅時候有點嘅 כּ 叫 kaf, 冇點嘅 כ 叫 khaf
  6. פ 有兩個讀音,要分嘅時候有點嘅 פּ 叫 pe, 冇點嘅 פ 叫 fe
  7. ש 有兩個讀音,要分嘅時候右面有點嘅 שׁ 叫 shin,左面有點嘅 שׂ 叫 sin

[編輯]

  1. Orr-Stav, Jonathan (2006). Learn to Write the Hebrew Script: Aleph Through the Looking Glass. Yale University. pp. 15–24. ISBN 0-300-11334-X.