Template:IPA/doc
主要國際音標，方便貼上
子音（肺部）
| 雙唇 | 唇齒 | 齒 | 齒齦 | 齦後 | 捲舌 | 硬齶 | 軟齶 | 小舌 | 咽 | 聲門 | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 塞 | p | b | t | d | ʈ | ɖ | c | ɟ | k | ɡ | q | ɢ | ʔ | |||||||||
| 鼻 | m | ɱ | n | ɳ | ɲ | ŋ | ɴ | |||||||||||||||
| 顫 | ʙ | r | ʀ | |||||||||||||||||||
| 閃 | ⱱ | ɾ | ɽ | |||||||||||||||||||
| 擦 | ɸ | β | f | v | θ | ð | s | z | ʃ | ʒ | ʂ | ʐ | ç | ʝ | x | ɣ | χ | ʁ | ħ | ʕ | h | ɦ |
| 邊擦 | ɬ | ɮ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 近 | ʋ | ɹ | ɻ | j | ɰ | |||||||||||||||||
| 邊近 | l | ɭ | ʎ | ʟ |
母音
| 前 | 央 | 後 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 高／閉 | i | y | ɨ | ʉ | ɯ | u | ||||
| 次高／次閉 | ɪ | ʏ | ʊ | |||||||
| 半高／半閉 | e | ø | ɘ | ɵ | ɤ | o | ||||
| 中 | e̞／ᴇ | ø̞ | ə | ɤ̞ | o̞／ω／ꭥ／Ω | |||||
| 半低／半開 | ɛ | œ | ɜ | ɞ | ʌ | ɔ | ||||
| 次低／次開 | æ | ɐ | ||||||||
| 低／開 | a | ɶ | ᴀ | ɑ | ɒ | |||||
| 同欄嘅母音對係開口／不圓唇同合口／圓唇。括住嘅符號毋標準。 | ||||||||||
修飾符
| Voiceless | ◌̥ | n̥ | d̥ | Breathy voiced | ◌̤ | b̤ | a̤ | Dental | ◌̪ | t̪ | d̪ |
| Voiced | ◌̬ | s̬ | t̬ | Creaky voiced | ◌̰ | b̰ | a̰ | Apical | ◌̺ | t̺ | d̺ |
| Aspirated | ʰ | tʰ | dʰ | Linguolabial | ◌̼ | t̼ | d̼ | Laminal | ◌̻ | t̻ | d̻ |
| More rounded | ◌̹ | ɔ̹ | Labialised | ʷ | tʷ | dʷ | Nasalised | ◌̃ | ẽ | ||
| Less rounded | ◌̜ | ɔ̜ | Palatalised | ʲ | tʲ | dʲ | Nasal release | ⁿ | dⁿ | ||
| Advanced | ◌̟ | u̟ | Velarised | ˠ | tˠ | dˠ | Lateral release | ˡ | dˡ | ||
| Retracted | ◌̠ | e̠ | Pharyngealised | ˤ | tˤ | dˤ | No audible release | ◌̚ | d̚ | ||
| Centralised | ◌̈ | ë | Velarised/pharyngealised | ◌̴ | ɫ | ||||||
| Mid-centralised | ◌̽ | e̽ | Advanced Tongue Root | ◌̘ | e̘ | ||||||
| Syllabic | ◌̩ | n̩ | Retracted Tongue Root | ◌̙ | e̙ | ||||||
| Nonsyllabic | ◌̯ | e̯ | Raised | ◌̝ | e̝ | ɹ̝ = voiced alveolar fricative | |||||
| Rhoticity | ˞ | ɚ | a˞ | Lowered | ◌̞ | e̞ | β̞ = voiced bilabial approximant |
調
本調：˥ ˦ ˧ ˨ ˩ 變調：꜒ ꜓ ꜔ ꜕ ꜖
數字調值：⁰ ¹ ² ³ ⁴ ⁵ ⁶ ⁷ ⁸ ⁹ ₀ ₁ ₂ ₃ ₄ ₅ ₆ ₇ ₈ ₉