族裔民族主義
族裔民族主義係民族主義嘅其中一種，而呢個主義嘅國民係以族裔為基礎[1][2]。因爲咁，所以喺政治議題上，比較偏向有族裔中心主義或者族裔政治嘅存在。[3][4]
族裔民族主義嘅中心觀念就係，一個國家係由共同嘅文化遺產造成，所以國家嘅人民應該有共同嘅語言、信仰、同埋種族祖先[5]。唔係屬於主要國家種族嘅人民，喺呢個制度下通常會成爲次等公民[6][7]。
因爲呢種主義以族裔為建國嘅基礎，所以唔少支持者都覺得，主要族裔嘅流散人口應該係屬於國家嘅一部分，造成泛民族主義。呢個主義歷史上發生過嘅例子，包括日耳曼民族同埋斯拉夫族。[8]
喺唔少學界文學入面，族裔民族主義通常同公民民族主義相對，不過亦都有人唔認同呢個講法[9][10]。
睇埋[編輯]
攷[編輯]
- ↑ Smith 1987, p. 134-138, 144–149.
- ↑ Smith 2009, p. 61-80.
- ↑ Smith 1981, p. 18.
- ↑ Roshwald 2001.
- ↑ Muller 2008.
- ↑ Rangelov 2013.
- ↑ Yilmaz 2018.
- ↑ Snyder, Louis Leo (1984). Macro-nationalisms: A History of the Pan-movements. Issue 112 of Contributions in political science: Global perspectives in history and politics, ISSN 0147-1066. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. ISBN 9780313231919. 喺2 December 2022搵到.
- ↑ Yack, Bernard (1996). "The myth of the civic nation". Critical Review. 10 (2): 193–211. doi:10.1080/08913819608443417.
- ↑ Özkirimli, Umut. (2005). Contemporary Debates on Nationalism: A Critical Introduction. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
來源[編輯]
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- Anderson, James (2016). "Ethnocracy: Exploring and Extending the Concept". Cosmopolitan Civil Societies. 8 (3): 1–29. doi:10.5130/ccs.v8i3.5143.
- Bloxham, Donald (2005). The Great Game of Genocide: Imperialism, Nationalism, and the Destruction of the Ottoman Armenians. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780191500442.
- Le Bossé, Mathias (18 July 2021). "Ethnonationalism". Geography. Oxford Bibliographies. doi:10.1093/OBO/9780199874002-0232. ISBN 978-0-19-987400-2.
- Leoussi, Athena, 編 (2001). Encyclopedia of Nationalism. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers. ISBN 9781412822558.
- Muller, Jerry Z. (2008). "Us and Them: The Enduring Power of Ethnic Nationalism". Foreign Affairs. 87 (2): 18–35. JSTOR 20032578.
- Rad, Mostafa Salari; Ginges, Jeremy (2018). "Folk theories of nationality and anti-immigrant attitudes". Nature Human Behaviour. 2 (5): 343–347. doi:10.1038/s41562-018-0334-3. PMID 30962601. S2CID 4898162.
- Rangelov, Iavor (2013). Nationalism and the Rule of Law: Lessons from the Balkans and Beyond. Cambridge University Press. pp. 19–44. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511997938. ISBN 9780511997938.
- Roshwald, Aviel (2001). Ethnic Nationalism and the Fall of Empires: Central Europe, the Middle East and Russia, 1914–1923. London and New York: Routledge. ISBN 9781134682539.
- Safran, William (2008). "Language, ethnicity and religion: a complex and persistent linkage: Language, ethnicity and religion". Nations and Nationalism. 14 (1): 171–190. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8129.2008.00323.x.
- Scherrer, Christian P. (1999). "Towards a theory of modern genocide. Comparative genocide research: Definitions, criteria, typologies, cases, key elements, patterns and voids". Journal of Genocide Research. 1 (1): 13–23. doi:10.1080/14623529908413932.
- Smith, Anthony D. (1981). The Ethnic Revival in the Modern World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521232678.
- Smith, Anthony D. (1987) [1986]. The Ethnic Origins of Nations. Oxford and New York: Blackwell. ISBN 9780631152057.
- Smith, Anthony D. (2009). Ethno-symbolism and Nationalism: A Cultural Approach. London and New York: Routledge. ISBN 9781135999483.
- Smith, Anthony D. (1994). "Ethnic Nationalism and the Plight of Minorities". Journal of Refugee Studies. 7 (2–3): 186–198. doi:10.1093/jrs/7.2-3.186.
- Thompson, J. (2021). "What it means to be a "true American": Ethnonationalism and voting in the 2016 U.S. presidential election". Nations and Nationalism. 27: 279–297. doi:10.1111/nana.12638. S2CID 225472000.
- Thompson, J. (2022). "Ethnonationalism and White immigration attitudes". Nations and Nationalism. 28 (1): 31–46. doi:10.1111/nana.12754. S2CID 237914361.
- Yilmaz, Muzaffer Ercan (2018). "The Rise of Ethnic Nationalism, Intra-State Conflicts and Conflict Resolution". Journal of TESAM Akademy. 5 (1): 11–33. doi:10.30626/tesamakademi.393051.
睇多啲[編輯]
- Armstrong, J. (1982). Nations before Nationalism. University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 9780807896075.
- Connor, W. (1973). "The Politics of Ethnonationalism". Journal of International Affairs. 27 (1): 1–21. JSTOR 24356606.
- Esman, M. J.; Rabinovich, Itamar, 編 (1988). Ethnicity, Pluralism, and the State in the Middle East. Cornell University Press. ISBN 9780801420016. JSTOR 10.7591/j.ctvr7f5dw.
- Gurr, T. R.; Harff, B. (1994). Ethnic Conflict in World Politics. Avalon. ISBN 9780813398402.
- Ethnonationalism and State Building (Volume 9 in the publication series on Democracy). Hayduska, J.翻譯. Heinrich Böll Foundation. 2008. ISBN 9783927760967.
- Hennayake, S. K. (1992). "Interactive ethnonationalism: An alternative explanation of minority ethnonationalism". Political Geography. 11 (6): 526–549. doi:10.1016/0962-6298(92)90054-W. ISSN 0962-6298.
- Hutcheon, L. (1998). "Crypto-Ethnicity" (PDF). PMLA: Publications of the Modern Language Association of America. 113 (1): 28–51. doi:10.2307/463407. JSTOR 463407. S2CID 155794856.
- Rosman, A.; Rubel, P. (2006). "Ethnonationalism, Nationalism, Empire: Their Origins and Their Relationship to Power, Conflict and Culture Building". Global Bioethics. 19 (1): 55–71. doi:10.1080/11287462.2006.10800885.
- Smith, A. D. (2004). The Antiquity of Nations. Cambridge and Malden: Polity Press. ISBN 9780745627465.
- Smith, A. D. (2000). The Nation in History: Historiographical Debates about Ethnicity and Nationalism. Hanover: University Press of New England. ISBN 9781584650409.