胃癌

胃癌
	分類同外部資源
ICD-10	C16
ICD-9	151
OMIM	137215
疾病DB	12445
MedlinePlus	000223
eMedicine	med/845
醫學主題詞	D013274
GeneReviews	Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer

胃癌
同義詞	Gastric cancer
病徵	早期: 胃灼熱、上腹痛（英文：upper abdominal pain）、噁心、唔想食嘢。; 後期: 體重下降、眼白同皮膚發黃、嘔、吞唔到嘢、屙血
通常發病	數年
類型	Gastric carcinomas, lymphoma, mesenchymal tumor
起因	幽門螺桿菌 Helicobacter pylori, 基因因素
風險因數	食煙、飲食因素例如：醃製蔬菜、肥胖症
診斷	利用內視鏡採集活體組織切片
預防	唔食煙
醫	手術、化療、放射線療法、標靶治療
預後	五年存活率 < 10% (全球)
盛行率	350 萬 (2015)
死亡數	819,000 (2015);
分類同拎
醫學專科	腫瘤學
ICD-9-CM	151、151.6、151.5、151.9、151.4
OMIM	137215、613659
DiseasesDB	12445
MedlinePlus	000223
eMedicine	278744
Orphanet	63443
	[改呢版嘅維基數據]

胃癌（粵拼：wai6 ngaam4，Stomach cancer）係發生喺胃黏膜嘅癌症。早期症狀可能包括火燒心、肚痛、反胃同唔想食嘢。後期嘅症狀可能包括體重減輕、皮膚同眼白變黃、嘔、屙血等等。胃癌可能會由胃擴散到身體嘅第啲部位，最易瀨嘢嘅係肝、肺、骨、腹部內膜同淋巴結。

風險因素

好多種因素都可以導致胃癌。佢喺男性度嘅發生率係女性嘅兩倍，因為女性有雌激素可以減低呢種癌症嘅發展。

感染

幽門螺桿菌感染係65-80%胃癌嘅重要危險因素，但淨係得2%嘅幽門螺桿菌感染者會患上胃癌^[4]^[9]。

食煙

飲食

基因因素

第啲

第啲風險因素包括糖尿病、惡性貧血、慢性萎縮性胃炎等等。

診斷

當出現類似胃癌嘅症狀嗰陣，即刻去睇醫生同做進一步嘅檢查，例如：

胃鏡檢查：將光纖相機插入胃去睇下有冇癌細胞。呢種亦係最啱用嘅方法
腹部電腦斷層掃描

預防

喺感染咗幽門螺桿菌嘅人度清走呢隻菌會降低生胃癌嘅風險^[10]。

攷

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 引用錯誤無效嘅<ref>標籤；無文字提供畀叫做NCI2014TxPt嘅參照
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 引用錯誤無效嘅<ref>標籤；無文字提供畀叫做WCR2014嘅參照
↑ 引用錯誤無效嘅<ref>標籤；無文字提供畀叫做ChangParsonnet2010嘅參照
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 González, Carlos A.; Sala, Núria; Rokkas, Theodore (2013–09). "Gastric Cancer: Epidemiologic Aspects". Helicobacter (英文). 18: 34–38. doi:10.1111/hel.12082.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
↑ 引用錯誤無效嘅<ref>標籤；無文字提供畀叫做NCI2014Prevent嘅參照
↑ 引用錯誤無效嘅<ref>標籤；無文字提供畀叫做WJG14嘅參照
↑ Vos, Theo; Allen, Christine; Arora, Megha; Barber, Ryan M.; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Brown, Alexandria; Carter, Austin; Casey, Daniel C.; Charlson, Fiona J. (2016-10-08). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". 《The Lancet》 (英文). 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 27733282.
↑ Wang, Haidong; Naghavi, Mohsen; Allen, Christine; Barber, Ryan M.; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Carter, Austin; Casey, Daniel C.; Charlson, Fiona J.; Chen, Alan Zian (2016-10-08). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". The Lancet (英文). 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 27733281.
↑ "Proceedings of the fourth Global Vaccine Research Forum" (PDF). Initiative for Vaccine Research team of the Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals. WHO. April 2004. 原著 (PDF)喺27 July 2009歸檔. 喺2009-05-11搵到. Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer…
↑ Ford AC, Forman D, Hunt RH, Yuan Y, Moayyedi P (May 2014). "Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy to prevent gastric cancer in healthy asymptomatic infected individuals: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials". BMJ. 348: g3174. doi:10.1136/bmj.g3174. PMC 4027797. PMID 24846275.

[NCI2014TxPt-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 引用錯誤無效嘅<ref>標籤；無文字提供畀叫做NCI2014TxPt嘅參照

[WCR2014-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 引用錯誤無效嘅<ref>標籤；無文字提供畀叫做WCR2014嘅參照

[ChangParsonnet2010-3] 引用錯誤無效嘅<ref>標籤；無文字提供畀叫做ChangParsonnet2010嘅參照

[pmid24011243-4] 4.0 ^4.1 González, Carlos A.; Sala, Núria; Rokkas, Theodore (2013–09). "Gastric Cancer: Epidemiologic Aspects". Helicobacter (英文). 18: 34–38. doi:10.1111/hel.12082.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)

[NCI2014Prevent-5] 引用錯誤無效嘅<ref>標籤；無文字提供畀叫做NCI2014Prevent嘅參照

[WJG14-6] 引用錯誤無效嘅<ref>標籤；無文字提供畀叫做WJG14嘅參照

[GBD2015Pre-7] Vos, Theo; Allen, Christine; Arora, Megha; Barber, Ryan M.; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Brown, Alexandria; Carter, Austin; Casey, Daniel C.; Charlson, Fiona J. (2016-10-08). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". 《The Lancet》 (英文). 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 27733282.

[GBD2015De-8] Wang, Haidong; Naghavi, Mohsen; Allen, Christine; Barber, Ryan M.; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Carter, Austin; Casey, Daniel C.; Charlson, Fiona J.; Chen, Alan Zian (2016-10-08). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". The Lancet (英文). 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 27733281.

[GVRF-4-9] "Proceedings of the fourth Global Vaccine Research Forum" (PDF). Initiative for Vaccine Research team of the Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals. WHO. April 2004. 原著 (PDF)喺27 July 2009歸檔. 喺2009-05-11搵到. Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer…

[10] Ford AC, Forman D, Hunt RH, Yuan Y, Moayyedi P (May 2014). "Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy to prevent gastric cancer in healthy asymptomatic infected individuals: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials". BMJ. 348: g3174. doi:10.1136/bmj.g3174. PMC 4027797. PMID 24846275.

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