阿利亞運動

阿利亞運動（希伯來文：עֲלִיָּה‎，羅馬拼音：Aliyah，直譯「上升」）係猶太人由世界各地移民去以色列嘅移民運動。歷史上，猶太人嘅古以色列人祖先，本身係嚟自黎凡特地區。根據猶太傳統，“阿利亞”代表去耶路撒冷朝聖，係猶太教嘅主要教義之一。喺1950年，以色列議會通過咗回歸法，俾所有移民去以色列嘅猶太人都會有以色列國籍。

喺歷史上大部分時間，猶太人都係住喺巴勒斯坦地區以外。喺1870年代，全球99.7%嘅猶太人都唔係住喺以色列地（英文：Land of Israel）^[1]^[2]。到19世紀尾，猶太復國運動開始發展，受到唔少世界各地嘅猶太人歡迎^[3]。到1882年，猶太人開始大批咁移民去巴勒斯坦地區，而唔少都係因爲唔同地方嘅反猶騷亂而引致^[4]。自從1948年以色列宣佈獨立以嚟，有超過300萬位猶太人移民咗去以色列^[5]。截至2014年，喺以色列所控制嘅地區入面，包含咗全球大約 43% 嘅猶太人^[6]。

近年，開始有猶太人移民離開以色列，主要都係因爲經濟原因，亦有其他係原則上反對錫安主義。因爲呢個係阿利亞嘅相反，所以叫 Yerida（直譯「下降」）^[7]。

睇埋[編輯]

攷[編輯]

↑ On, Raphael R. Bar (1969). "Israel's Next Census of Population as a Source of Data on Jews". Proceedings of the World Congress of Jewish Studies / דברי הקונגרס העולמי למדעי היהדות. ה: 31*–41*. JSTOR 23524099.
↑ Mendel, Yonatan (5 October 2014). The Creation of Israeli Arabic: Security and Politics in Arabic Studies in Israel. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 188. ISBN 978-1-137-33737-5.
↑ Rosenzweig, Rafael N. (1989). The Economic Consequences of Zionism. E.J. Brill. p. 1. ISBN 978-90-04-09147-4.
↑ Schneider, Jan (June 2008). "Israel". Focus Migration. 13. Hamburg Institute of International Economics. ISSN 1864-6220. 原著喺2019-05-14歸檔. 喺2013-04-29搵到.
↑ Branovsky, Yael (6 May 2008). "400 olim arrive in Israel ahead of Independence Day - Israel Jewish Scene, Ynetnews". Ynetnews. Ynetnews.com. 原先內容歸檔喺2017-06-30. 喺2013-04-29搵到.
↑ DellaPergola, Sergio (2014). Dashefsky, Arnold; Sheskin, Ira (編). "World Jewish Population, 2014". Current Jewish Population Reports. The American Jewish Year Book (Dordrecht: Springer). 11: 5–9, 16–17. 原先內容歸檔喺December 25, 2018. 喺January 3, 2016搵到.
↑ ""Aliyah": The Word and Its Meaning". 2005-05-15. 原著喺2009-12-19歸檔. 喺2013-04-29搵到.

[1] On, Raphael R. Bar (1969). "Israel's Next Census of Population as a Source of Data on Jews". Proceedings of the World Congress of Jewish Studies / דברי הקונגרס העולמי למדעי היהדות. ה: 31*–41*. JSTOR 23524099.

[2] Mendel, Yonatan (5 October 2014). The Creation of Israeli Arabic: Security and Politics in Arabic Studies in Israel. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 188. ISBN 978-1-137-33737-5.

[3] Rosenzweig, Rafael N. (1989). The Economic Consequences of Zionism. E.J. Brill. p. 1. ISBN 978-90-04-09147-4.

[4] Schneider, Jan (June 2008). "Israel". Focus Migration. 13. Hamburg Institute of International Economics. ISSN 1864-6220. 原著喺2019-05-14歸檔. 喺2013-04-29搵到.

[independence-5] Branovsky, Yael (6 May 2008). "400 olim arrive in Israel ahead of Independence Day - Israel Jewish Scene, Ynetnews". Ynetnews. Ynetnews.com. 原先內容歸檔喺2017-06-30. 喺2013-04-29搵到.

[6] DellaPergola, Sergio (2014). Dashefsky, Arnold; Sheskin, Ira (編). "World Jewish Population, 2014". Current Jewish Population Reports. The American Jewish Year Book (Dordrecht: Springer). 11: 5–9, 16–17. 原先內容歸檔喺December 25, 2018. 喺January 3, 2016搵到.

[7] ""Aliyah": The Word and Its Meaning". 2005-05-15. 原著喺2009-12-19歸檔. 喺2013-04-29搵到.

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