電腦記憶體

電腦記憶體（粵拼：din6 nou5 gei3 jik1 tai2；英文：computer memory）係指為電腦暫時或者永久儲起資訊嘅架生。記憶體會對一部電腦嘅性能造成具體嘅影響，例如啲人砌 PC 用嚟打機嗰陣，就好在意部機夠唔夠 RAM，唔夠打起機上嚟就好易會窒吓窒吓噉。

概念

記憶體地址：一個記憶體地址係指一嚿用嚟表示記憶體入面某個位置嘅嘢（通常會係一串冇負數嘅整數），會俾各層嘅軟件同硬件攞嚟用^[1]。
唯讀記憶體（ROM）：記憶體嘅一種，特徵係喺件硬件整好咗之後，就定死咗冇得用電子方法改變；ROM 之所以會存在係因為好多用途都會涉及設計者唔想俾用家立亂改啲數據，例如廿世紀啲遊戲機用嘅 ROM 咭匣就用咗 ROM，費事隻遊戲嘅程式走樣^[2]。
緩存（cache）：一類嘅硬件或者軟件部份，專門攞嚟儲住啲數據，而目的係為咗第時俾用家以更快嘅速度攞啲數據嚟用；一部廿一世紀初嘅電腦，通常會將最近用過或者不嬲成日用嘅數據儲喺緩存度，達致提升電腦性能（部機處理起數據上嚟快咗）嘅效果^[3]。
ROM 映像：指一個電腦檔案包含咗嚟自一塊 ROM 晶片嘅數據；喺實際應用上，ROM 映像最常見嘅用途係俾人攞嚟複製電子遊戲 ROM 咭匣嘅內容，然後攞去俾遊戲機模擬器嚟行，等用家有得喺個人電腦度打遊戲機遊戲^[4]。
隨機存取記憶體（RAM）：可以俾部機以任何次序嚟讀取或者改變嘅記憶體，攞嚟暫時儲住部機用緊嗰啲數據或者機械碼嘅；RAM 唔會長期噉儲住啲數據，通常用家一熄機 RAM 入面啲數據就會一嘢冇嗮；一般嚟講，一部機嘅 RAM 容量（喺 2020 年代通常以 GB 計）愈大，部機就愈能夠同時噉處理大量嘅運算作業，所以愈會算係性能勁^[5]。
- RAM 好多時仲會分做幾橛，每橛都專係負責處理某啲類型嘅數據，例如 VRAM（全名 video random access memory）就係專門處理圖像相關運算嘅 RAM ^[6]。

管理

睇埋

引咗

↑ Vishkin, U. (1983). Implementation of simultaneous memory address access in models that forbid it. Journal of algorithms, 4(1), 45-50.
↑ Naguboina, G. C., & Anusudha, K. (2017, March). Design and implementation of programmable read only memory using reversible decoder on FPGA. In 2017 Fourth International Conference on Signal Processing, Communication and Networking (ICSCN) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
↑ Zhong, Liang; Zheng, Xueqian; Liu, Yong; Wang, Mengting; Cao, Yang (February 2020). "Cache hit ratio maximization in device-to-device communications overlaying cellular networks". China Communications. 17 (2): 232-238.
↑ Jacob, R. (2003). The History and the Future of Console and Arcade Emulation^{[失咗效嘅鏈]}.
↑ What Is Memory (RAM)?. Dell.
↑ Foley, James D.; van Dam, Andries; Feiner, Steven K.; Hughes, John F. (1997). Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice. Addison-Wesley. p. 859.

[1] Vishkin, U. (1983). Implementation of simultaneous memory address access in models that forbid it. Journal of algorithms, 4(1), 45-50.

[2] Naguboina, G. C., & Anusudha, K. (2017, March). Design and implementation of programmable read only memory using reversible decoder on FPGA. In 2017 Fourth International Conference on Signal Processing, Communication and Networking (ICSCN) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

[3] Zhong, Liang; Zheng, Xueqian; Liu, Yong; Wang, Mengting; Cao, Yang (February 2020). "Cache hit ratio maximization in device-to-device communications overlaying cellular networks". China Communications. 17 (2): 232-238.

[4] Jacob, R. (2003). The History and the Future of Console and Arcade Emulation^{[失咗效嘅鏈]}.

[5] What Is Memory (RAM)?. Dell.

[6] Foley, James D.; van Dam, Andries; Feiner, Steven K.; Hughes, John F. (1997). Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice. Addison-Wesley. p. 859.

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