植物油
閱讀設定
植物油(英文:Vegetable Oil)係市面上各種食油(芥花籽油、橄欖油、葵花籽油同大豆油等等)嘅統一稱呼,又叫菜油。
成分
[編輯]植物油[1][2] | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
類別 | 氫化 | 飽和 脂肪酸 |
單元不飽和脂肪酸 | 多元不飽和脂肪酸 | 煙點 | |||
總量(單元)[1] | 油酸 (ω-9) |
總量(多元)[1] | α-亞麻酸 (ω-3) |
亞油酸 (ω-6) | ||||
牛油果[3] | 11.6 | 70.6 | 13.5 | 1 | 12.5 | 249 °C(480 °F)[4] | ||
巴西果仁[5] | 24.8 | 32.7 | 31.3 | 42.0 | 0.1 | 41.9 | 208 °C(406 °F)[6] | |
油菜(芥花籽油)[7] | 7.4 | 63.3 | 61.8 | 28.1 | 9.1 | 18.6 | 238 °C(460 °F)[6] | |
椰子[8] | 82.5 | 6.3 | 6 | 1.7 | 175 °C(347 °F)[6] | |||
粟米[9] | 12.9 | 27.6 | 27.3 | 54.7 | 1 | 58 |
232 °C(450 °F)[10] | |
棉花籽[11] | 25.9 | 17.8 | 19 | 51.9 | 1 | 54 | 216 °C(420 °F)[10] | |
亞麻籽[12] | 9.0 | 18.4 | 18 | 67.8 | 53 | 13 |
107 °C(225 °F) | |
葡提子核 | 10.5 | 14.3 | 14.3 | 74.7 | - | 74.7 | 216 °C(421 °F)[13] | |
大麻籽[14] | 7.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 82.0 | 22.0 | 54.0 |
166 °C(330 °F)[15] | |
橄欖[16] | 13.8 | 73.0 | 71.3 | 10.5 | 0.7 | 9.8 | 193 °C(380 °F)[6] | |
棕櫚果[17] | 49.3 | 37.0 | 40 | 9.3 | 0.2 | 9.1 | 235 °C(455 °F) | |
花生[18] | 20.3 | 48.1 | 46.5 | 31.5 | 31.4 | 232 °C(450 °F)[10] | ||
紅花籽[19] | 7.5 | 75.2 | 75.2 | 12.8 | 0 | 12.8 | 212 °C(414 °F)[6] | |
大豆[20] | 15.6 | 22.8 | 22.6 | 57.7 | 7 | 51 | 238 °C(460 °F)[10] | |
葵花籽(亞油酸 < 60%)[21] | 10.1 | 45.4 | 45.3 | 40.1 | 0.2 | 39.8 |
227 °C(440 °F)[10] | |
葵花籽(油酸 > 70%)[22] | 9.9 | 83.7 | 82.6 | 3.8 | 0.2 | 3.6 |
227 °C(440 °F)[10] | |
棉花籽[23] | 氫化 | 93.6 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 0.3 | |||
棕櫚果[24] | 氫化 | 88.2 | 5.7 | 0 | ||||
大豆[25] | 部份氫化 | 14.9 | 43.0 | 42.5 | 37.6 | 2.6 | 34.9 | |
每100克佔總油脂重量嘅百分比(%) |
參考
[編輯]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "US National Nutrient Database, Release 28". United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. 除非另加標注此列數據取自 the USDA Nutrient database
- ↑ 〈每100克脂肪和脂肪酸含量 (click for "more details") 例如: avocado oil; 用戶可以搵其他油類〉。Nutritiondata.com, Conde Nast for the USDA National Nutrient Database, Standard Release 21。2014。喺7 September 2017搵到。 數值來自 Nutritiondata.com (SR 21) 可能需要同2017年9月美國農業部 SR 28 嘅最新版本保持一致。
- ↑ 〈Avocado oil 牛油果油,脂肪成分,100克〉。US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture。May 2016。喺6 September 2017搵到。
- ↑ What is unrefined, extra virgin cold-pressed avocado oil?, The American Oil Chemists’ Society
- ↑ "Brazil nut oil, fat composition, 100 g". US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture. May 2016. 喺6 September 2017搵到.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Katragadda, H. R.; Fullana, A. S.; Sidhu, S.; Carbonell-Barrachina, Á. A. (2010). "Emissions of volatile aldehydes from heated cooking oils". Food Chemistry. 120: 59. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.09.070.
- ↑ 〈Canola oil 菜籽油,脂肪成分,100克〉。US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture。May 2016。喺6 September 2017搵到。
- ↑ 〈Coconut oil 椰子油,脂肪成分,100克〉。US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture。May 2016。喺6 September 2017搵到。
- ↑ 〈Corn oil 粟米油,工業同零售,多用途沙律或烹飪,脂肪成分,100克〉。US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture。May 2016。喺6 September 2017搵到。
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 Wolke, Robert L. (May 16, 2007). "Where There's Smoke, There's a Fryer". The Washington Post. 喺March 5, 2011搵到.
- ↑ 〈Cottonseed oil 棉籽油,沙律或蒸煮,脂肪成分,100克〉。US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture。May 2016。喺6 September 2017搵到。
- ↑ 〈Flaxseed/Linseed oil 亞麻籽/亞麻籽油,冷榨,脂肪成分,100克〉。US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture。May 2016。喺6 September 2017搵到。
- ↑ Garavaglia J, Markoski MM, Oliveira A, Marcadenti A (2016). "Grape Seed Oil Compounds: Biological and Chemical Actions for Health". Nutr Metab Insights. 9: 59–64. doi:10.4137/NMI.S32910. PMC 4988453. PMID 27559299.
- ↑ "Efficacy of dietary hempseed oil in patients with atopic dermatitis". Journal of Dermatological Treatment. 2005. 喺25 October 2017搵到.
- ↑ https://www.veghealth.com/nutrition-tables/Smoke-Points-of-Oils-table.pdf
- ↑ 〈Olive oil 橄欖油,沙律或烹飪,脂肪成分,100克〉。US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture。May 2016。喺6 September 2017搵到。
- ↑ 〈Palm oil 棕櫚油,脂肪成分,100克〉。US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture。May 2016。喺6 September 2017搵到。
- ↑ Vegetable Oils in Food Technology (2011), p. 61.
- ↑ 〈Safflower oil 紅花油,沙律或烹飪,高油酸,初級商業,脂肪成分,100克〉。US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture。May 2016。喺6 September 2017搵到。
- ↑ 〈Soybean oil 大豆油,沙律或蒸煮,脂肪成分,100克〉。US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture。May 2016。喺6 September 2017搵到。
- ↑ 〈Sunflower oil 葵花籽油,唔到60%嘅總脂肪作為亞油酸,脂肪成分,100克〉。US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture。May 2016。喺6 September 2017搵到。
- ↑ 〈Sunflower oil, high oleic 葵花籽油,高油酸 - 70%或更高嘅油酸,脂肪成分,100克〉。US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture。May 2016。喺6 September 2017搵到。
- ↑ 〈Cottonseed oil, industrial, fully hydrogenated工業用棉籽油,完全氫化,脂肪成分,100克〉。US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture。May 2016。喺6 September 2017搵到。
- ↑ 〈Palm oil, industrial, fully hydrogenated, filling fat棕櫚油,工業,完全氫化,填充脂肪,脂肪成分,100克〉。US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture。May 2016。喺6 September 2017搵到。
- ↑ 〈Soybean oil, salad or cooking, (partially hydrogenated) 大豆油,沙律或蒸煮,(部分氫化),脂肪組合物,100克〉。US National Nutrient Database, Release 28, United States Department of Agriculture。May 2016。喺6 September 2017搵到。