義務教育
跳去導覽
跳去搵嘢
義務教育係政府為適齡學童提供嘅教育，有三個原則：強制、普遍同免費，而《世界人權宣言》亦提倡細路應該接受義務教育。而家大部份國同地區都會提供義務教育，但年期就唔一樣。
香港[編輯]
2007年10月10日，香港特別行政區行政長官曾蔭權發表《2007至2008年度香港行政長官施政報告》宣布落實由2008-09學年起將免費教育擴展到官立同資助高中學校同職業訓練局學校，即係「十二年免費教育」[1]，但中四至中六唔係強制教育，學生有權選擇升唔升學。
2016年1月，香港特別行政區行政長官梁振英發表施政報告，宣佈由2017-18學年起落實免費優質幼稚園教育政策。
落實時間表[編輯]
1700s[編輯]
- 1739:
丹麥[2] - 1763: Template:Prussia旗資料[3]
- 1774:
奧地利
1800s[編輯]
- 1805:
列支敦士登[4] - 1814: 丹麥[3]
- 1817: Template:Travancore旗資料[5]
- 1824:
土耳其,[6] - 1834:
希臘[3] - 1842:
瑞典[3] - 1844:
葡萄牙[3] - 1852: Template:Massachusetts旗資料[7]
- 1857:
西班牙[8] - 1864: Template:Washington, D.C.旗資料,[7]
羅馬尼亞 - 1867: Template:Vermont旗資料[7]
- 1868:
黑山 - 1869:
斯洛文尼亞, 
意大利,[9] 
哥斯達黎加[10] - 1870:
哥倫比亞[11] - 1871: Template:Michigan旗資料, Template:New Hampshire旗資料, Template:Washington旗資料,[7]
安大略省,[12] Template:Western Australia旗資料[13] - 1872:
日本, 
蘇格蘭, Template:Connecticut旗資料 (de facto unenforceable),[7] Template:Victoria旗資料[13] - 1873: Template:Nevada旗資料,[7]
卑詩省[12] - 1874:
瑞士,[3] Template:Kansas旗資料, Template:New York旗資料, Template:California旗資料[7] - 1875: Template:New Jersey旗資料, Template:Maine旗資料,[7] Template:South Australia旗資料[13]
- 1876: Template:Wyoming旗資料,[7]
圭亞那,[14] 
蘇里南[15] - 1877:
紐西蘭, 
烏拉圭,[11] Template:Ohio旗資料,[7] 
愛德華王子島[12] - 1878:
保加利亞 - 1879: Template:Wisconsin旗資料[16]
- 1880:
英格蘭,[3] 
威爾斯,[3] Template:New South Wales旗資料,[13] 
委內瑞拉[17] - 1882:
法國,[3] 
塞爾維亞[18] - 1883: Template:Montana旗資料, Template:Illinois旗資料, Template:North Dakota旗資料, Template:South Dakota旗資料, Template:Rhode Island旗資料,[7]
諾華斯高沙[12] - 1884:
阿根廷[11] - 1885: Template:Minnesota旗資料[7]
- 1886: 哥倫比亞 (abolished)[11]
- 1887: Template:Idaho旗資料,
內布拉斯加州[7] - 1889:
挪威,[19] 
Oregon, Template:Colorado旗資料[7] - 1890:
巴巴多斯,[20] Template:Utah旗資料[7] - 1891: Template:New Mexico旗資料[7]
- 1892:
愛爾蘭共和國[3] - 1895: Template:Pennsylvania旗資料[7]
- 1896:
Kentucky, Template:Hawaii旗資料[7] - 1897:
厄瓜多爾,[11] Template:Indiana旗資料, 
West Virginia[7] - 1899: Template:Arizona旗資料,[7]
波多黎各
1900s[編輯]
- 1900:
荷蘭,[3] Template:Queensland旗資料[13] - 1902: Template:Iowa旗資料, Template:Maryland旗資料[7]
- 1904:
關島[21] - 1905:
秘魯, Template:Tennessee旗資料, Template:Missouri旗資料,[7] 
紐賓士域省[12] - 1906:
納米比亞 (white children with less than 4 km to nearest school only)[22] - 1907:
冰島,[23] Template:Delaware旗資料, Template:North Carolina旗資料, Template:Oklahoma旗資料[7] - 1908: Template:Virginia旗資料[7]
- 1909:
巴拉圭,[11] Template:Arkansas旗資料,[7] 
沙士加芝灣[12] - 1910:
路易斯安那州,[7] 
亞伯達[12] - 1912:
盧森堡[3] - 1913:
阿爾巴尼亞[24] - 1915:
阿拉巴馬州, Template:South Carolina旗資料, Template:Florida旗資料, Template:Texas旗資料[7] - 1916: Template:Georgia (U.S. state)旗資料,[7]
緬尼吐巴,[12] Template:Tasmania旗資料[13] - 1917:
墨西哥,[25] 
直布羅陀[26] - 1918:
密西西比州[7] - 1919:
比利時,[3] 
波蘭 (only for children with less than 3 km to nearest school),[27] 
拉脫維亞 - 1920:
智利,[11] 
愛沙尼亞,[28] 
斯威士蘭 (white children only)[29] - 1921:
芬蘭,[30] 
泰國[31] - 1923:
瑙魯[32] - 1924:
烏克蘭蘇維埃社會主義共和國[33] - 1925:
蒙古國[34] - 1926:
白俄羅斯蘇維埃社會主義共和國[33] - 1927: 哥倫比亞 (reintroduced)[11]
- 1929: Template:Alaska旗資料[7]
- 1930:
印度, 
蘇聯[33] - 1935:
阿富汗[35] - 1942: Template:Newfoundland旗資料[12]
- 1943:
魁北克省,[12] 
伊朗[36] - 1946:
馬耳他[37] - 1949:
以色列[9] - 1951:
利比亞[38] - 1952:
約旦[39] - 1953:
埃及,[40] 
大韓民國[41] - 1956: 波蘭 (all children)[27]
- 1960:
乍得 - 1961:
加納[42] - 1962:
塞浦路斯,[43] 
馬里 - 1963:
阿爾及利亞,[44] 
摩洛哥[45] - 1964:
莫三鼻給 (children with less than three miles to nearest school) - 1965:
科威特[46] - 1968:
中華民國[47] [48] [49] - 1971:
阿拉伯聯合酋長國[50] - 1973:
印尼[51] - 1975:
索馬里[52] - 1976:
伊拉克,[53] 
尼日利亞[54] - 1981:
塞舌爾,[55] 
敘利亞[56] - 1986:
中華人民共和國[57] - 1988:
巴西,[58] 
菲律賓[59] - 1990:
孟加拉,[60] 
也門, 納米比亞 (all children) - 1991:
突尼西亞[61] - 1994:
薩摩亞[62] - 1996:
老撾,[63] 
阿富汗 (abolished for women)[35] - 1998:
黎巴嫩,[64] 
蘇丹[65]
2000s[編輯]
- 2000:
星加坡[66] - 2001:
阿富汗 (reintroduced for women),[35] 
毛里塔尼亞[67] - 2003:
利比利亞共和國,[68] 
馬來西亞,[69] 
塞拉利昂[70] - 2005:
巴林[71] - 2007:
汶萊[72] - 2008:
烏干達[73] - 2009: Template:Connecticut旗資料 (enforceable misdemeanor, unenforceable prior to 2009)
- 2010:
萊索托[74]
Countries without compulsory education[編輯]
參考[編輯]
- ↑ "推十二年免費教育". 香港政府新聞網. 2007-10-10. 原著喺2009-10-22歸檔. 喺2009-10-26搵到. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (help) - ↑ Reeh, Niels. 2016. Secularization Revisited - Teaching of Religion and the State of Denmark 1721 to 2006. Edited by Lori Beamann, Lene Kühle and Anna Halahoff: Springer.
- ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 Grinin, Leonid E.; Ilyin, Ilya V.; Herrmann, Peter; Korotayev, Andrey V. (2016). Globalistics and globalization studies: Global Transformations and Global Future. p. 66. ISBN 978-5705750269.
- ↑ "School system". 原著喺2021年2月11號歸檔. 喺2022年1月17號搵到.
- ↑ based on the text in the previous section
- ↑ Examination of Mahmut II's 1824 Edict of Talim-i Sıbyan (Education of Infants) on the Compulsion of the Primary Education in Terms of the Rights of the Child
- ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 7.17 7.18 7.19 7.20 7.21 7.22 7.23 7.24 7.25 7.26 7.27 7.28 7.29 State Compulsory School Attendance Laws
- ↑ Education in Spain: Close-up of Its History in the 20th Century
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 100 Years of Educational Reforms in Europe: a contextual database
- ↑ "COSTA RICA'S EDUCATION SYSTEM". 原著喺2021年2月11號歸檔. 喺2022年1月17號搵到.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 Aubry, Carla; Geiss, Michael; Magyar-Haas, Veronika; Oelkers, Jürgen (2014). Education and the State: International perspectives on a changing relationship. pp. 47–8. ISBN 9781317678236.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 12.8 12.9 Philip Oreopoulos: Canadian Compulsory School Laws and their Impact on Educational, 2005
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 Free, compulsory and secular Education Acts
- ↑ Guyana
- ↑ The status of Dutch in post-colonial Suriname
- ↑ Education in Wisconsin
- ↑ Sanchez, George I. (1963), The Development of Education in Venezuela, Office of Education (DHEW), Washington, DC., p. v
- ↑ Serbia
- ↑ Norway
- ↑ Historical developments of education in Barbados
- ↑ George Leland Dyer: Order No. 80, 1904
- ↑ "Education in Namibia" (PDF). p. 45.
- ↑ Iceland: Education
- ↑ Development of Education during the Years 1944 - 1948 in Albania
- ↑ Constitution of Mexico
- ↑ Edward G. Archer: Gibraltar, Identity and Empire
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 Dz.Pr.P.P. 1919/14/147
- ↑ "Educational Policies: Estonia (2014)". 原著喺2019年8月5號歸檔. 喺2022年1月17號搵到.
- ↑ Swaziland – History & Background
- ↑ "Finland: Evolution of Educational Provision". 原著喺2019年5月17號歸檔. 喺2022年1月17號搵到.
- ↑ "The Development of Primary Education in Thailand and Its Present Challenges" (PDF). 原著 (PDF)喺2021年2月11號歸檔. 喺2022年1月17號搵到.
- ↑ Rapatahana, Vaughan; Bunce, Pauline (2012). English Language as Hydra: Its Impacts on Non-English Language Cultures. Multilingual Matters. pp. 27–28. ISBN 978-1-84769-752-3.
- ↑ 33.0 33.1 33.2 "Всеобщее обучение". otrok.ru (俄文). 喺2019-05-01搵到.
- ↑ Literacy country study: Mongolia
- ↑ 35.0 35.1 35.2 "History of educational system in Afghanistan". Help the Afghan Children. 12 May 2003. 喺2019-05-01搵到.
- ↑ Encyclopædia Iranica: General Survey of Modern Education
- ↑ "History of the University". University of Malta. 原著喺June 30, 2011歸檔. 喺February 2, 2011搵到.
- ↑ Constitution of Libya (1951)
- ↑ Constitution of Jordan
- ↑ Education in Egypt's development: the need for a wider system of appraisal
- ↑ Historical Review of Korea's Education
- ↑ "Education Act, 1961". 原著喺2020年2月15號歸檔. 喺2022年1月17號搵到.
- ↑ THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN CYPRUS
- ↑ Algeria
- ↑ Diyen, Hayat 2004,"reform of secondary education in Morocco: Challenges and Prospects." Prospects, vol XXXIV.no.2, pp212
- ↑ "Kuwait Education".
- ↑ Education in Taiwan
- ↑ "Republic of China Ministry of Education". 原著喺2022年1月18號歸檔. 喺2022年1月17號搵到.
- ↑ National Central Library Admonition of Nine Years: Compulsory Education
- ↑ A History of Education in the United Arab Emirates and Trucial Sheikdoms
- ↑ Indonesia
- ↑ Somalia - Education
- ↑ Compulsory Education Law No. 118 of 1976
- ↑ Nigeria
- ↑ A country study: Seychelles
- ↑ "Increasing The School Access in Azaz City, Syria: A GIS-Based Set Covering Model" (PDF). 原著 (PDF)喺2019年12月12號歸檔. 喺2022年1月17號搵到.
- ↑ Compulsory Education Law of the People’s Republic of China, 1986
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ Republic Act No. 6655, Chan Robles Law Library.
- ↑ Compulsory Primary Education Act, 1990
- ↑ Education in the Maghreb: Tunisia
- ↑ Samoa
- ↑ World Data on Education: Laos
- ↑ Children’s Rights: Lebanon
- ↑ World Data on Education: Sudan
- ↑ Compulsory education Act is passed, 2000
- ↑ Mauritania
- ↑ World Bank: Education in Liberia
- ↑ National Education System
- ↑ "Sierra Leone: Newsline". 原著喺2020年12月2號歸檔. 喺2022年1月17號搵到.
- ↑ Law No. 27 of 2005 with respect to Education.
- ↑ Compulsory Education Act (Cap. 211)
- ↑ Education Act, 2008
- ↑ The Obstacles Facing Students in Lesotho
- ↑ Mahmood Ansari: The State and Education System in Bhutan A Note
- ↑ Education System in Oman
- ↑ Education System in Papua New Guinea
- ↑ Education System in Solomon Islands
