10-20 系統
10-20 系統(粵拼:sap6 ji6 sap6 hai6 tung2;英文:10-20 system),又有叫國際 10-20 系統(international 10-20 system)係國際間喺做腦電圖研究嗰陣標示頭殼上嘅位置嘅一套標準。好似係腦電圖等嘅神經科學研究方法,好多時涉及研究者將電極等嘅架生黐落去受試者嘅頭皮表面,量度啲受試者嘅腦部活動,並且睇吓呢啲活動會受乜嘢因素(年紀、夠唔夠瞓、食咗乜嘢藥等等)影響。喺做完研究之後,神經科學家要用論文等嘅形式發表自己嘅結果,所以就諗咗套方法,幫個頭嘅表面嘅唔同位置改名,而啲名有法則(所以容易記),等佢哋喺作學術討論嗰陣方便溝通[1][2]。
「10-20 系統」呢個名係有意思嘅:喺實際應用上,個個人嘅頭殼形狀都有少少唔同,而做腦電圖研究嘅一般做法係,個研究者會攞個受試者嘅鼻根點(nasion;鼻樑對上,兩隻眼中間嘅凹陷位)同枕骨隆突(inion;頭殼最後面,有少少凸起嗰個位)呢兩點,仲有係受試者嘅左耳耳屏(tragus)同右耳耳屏,跟住再按照呢啲點之間嘅距離嘅百分比決定個受試者嘅頭殼邊點打邊點,例如「Cz」係最中間嗰點,定義上,Cz 同左耳之間嘅距離等於 Cz 同右耳之間嘅距離(由右耳開始,「Cz-右耳」距離係「左耳-右耳」距離嘅 50%),而 Cz-鼻根點距離同 Cz-枕骨隆突距離都係同一道理;喺呢個系統下,相鄰電極之間嘅距離實會等如「鼻根點-枕骨隆突距離」或者「雙耳耳屏距離」嘅 10% 或者 20%-所以就叫「10-20 系統」[3]。
命名法則
[編輯]喺 10-20 系統之下嘅每一個名都由兩個字組成,頭一個會係一個拉丁字母,後面嗰個會係「z」或者一個數字。前面嗰個字表達咗嗰個位置下嘅係邊一個腦區-
跟尾個數字表達咗個位置喺左定右,同埋離(由鼻根點去枕骨隆突嘅)中心線幾遠:「z」表示個位喺正中心線上,雙數表示喺右邊,而單數就表示喺左邊,數字愈大表示遠中心線愈遠;例:喺 10-20 系統當中,「Pz」呢個位喺頂葉(parietal lobe,主管感官訊息嘅綜合處理等功能嗰塊腦葉)對上,而且喺正中心線上面;而「T5」就係一個喺顳葉(temporal lobe;主管聽覺方面嘅訊息)對上、個頭殼左半邊嘅位置(而且離中心線比較遠)。
睇埋
[編輯]參考
[編輯]- Jasper, Herbert H. (May 1958). "Report of the committee on methods of clinical examination in electroencephalography". Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology. 10 (2): 370–375. doi:10.1016/0013-4694(58)90053-1.
- G.E. Chatrian, E. Lettich, and P.L. Nelson. Ten percent electrode system for topographic studies of spontaneous and evoked EEG activity. Am J EEG Technol, 25:83-92, 1985.
- "American Electroencephalographic Society Guidelines for Standard Electrode Position Nomenclature". Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology. 8 (2): 200–202. April 1991. doi:10.1097/00004691-199104000-00007. PMID 2050819.
- "Guideline Thirteen". Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology. 11 (1): 111–113. January 1994. doi:10.1097/00004691-199401000-00014. PMID 8195414.
- Nuwer, Marc R.; Comi, Giancarlo; Emerson, Ronald; Fuglsang-Frederiksen, Anders; Guérit, Jean-Michel; Hinrichs, Hermann; Ikeda, Akio; Jose C. Luccas, Fransisco; Rappelsburger, Peter (March 1998). "IFCN standards for digital recording of clinical EEG". Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology. 106 (3): 259–261. doi:10.1016/S0013-4694(97)00106-5.
- Klem, GH; Lüders, HO; Jasper, HH; Elger, C (1999). "The ten-twenty electrode system of the International Federation. The International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology". Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology. Supplement. 52: 3–6. PMID 10590970.
- Ernst Niedermeyer, Fernando Lopes da Silva, Electroencephalography: Basic Principles, Clinical Applications, and Related Fields - Page 140, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004
參考資料
[編輯]- ↑ 10/20 System Positioning 互聯網檔案館嘅歸檔,歸檔日期2018年4月17號,. (PDF). Trans Cranial Technologies.
- ↑ Towle, Vernon L.; Bolaños, José; Suarez, Diane; Tan, Kim; Grzeszczuk, Robert; Levin, David N.; Cakmur, Raif; Frank, Samuel A.; Spire, Jean-Paul (1993). "The spatial location of EEG electrodes: Locating the best-fitting sphere relative to cortical anatomy". Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology. 86 (1): 1–6.
- ↑ Klem, GH; Lüders, HO; Jasper, HH; Elger, C (1999). "The ten-twenty electrode system of the International Federation. The International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology". Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology. Supplement. 52: 3–6.