社會行為

社會行為（粵拼：se5 wui2 hang4 wai4；英文：social behavior）喺動物行為上係指屬同一個物種嘅唔同動物個體之間喺行為上嘅互動。廣義上可以包埋動物以外嘅「同一個物種嘅個體之間行為互動」。

社會性[編輯]

如果話一種物種有社會性（sociality），即係話呢個物種啲個體普遍都有社會行為，會形成複雜嘅群落，好似係包括人類在內嘅多種靈長目動物、狼同狗以及係蜜蜂等好多種動物都或多或少噉有社會性；而對於呢啲社會行為嘅研究同分析好多時都會用到博弈論（睇埋進化博弈論）上嘅思考^[1]。

類型[編輯]

成羣打獵：指同一個物種嘅唔同個體合作（指大家一齊做出對大家都有利嘅行動），嘗試殺死單獨行動嗰陣殺唔到嘅大型獵物；例如狼就係噉，狼單獨行事嗰時頂櫳淨係會殺到兔仔等嘅細隻獵物或者食腐肉，但佢哋成羣噉上嗰時就可以彼此之間互相協調，例如其中兩隻狼負責追趕啲獵物，另外幾隻就喺啲獵物嘅逃生路線嗰度伏啲獵物，而佢哋噉樣做就會殺到好似駝鹿噉嘅大型獵物（成年駝鹿身長閒閒地係狼嘅兩倍）^[2]^[3]。除咗狼之外，成羣打獵呢種行為喺獅子同人身上都可以睇得到。
攻擊性：指一隻動物個體對第啲個體造成傷害嘅行為；响最直接嗰種情況當中，攻擊係物理性嘅，涉及攻擊方用自己嘅肌肉施力喺對方嘅身上，令對方受傷，即係例如「一拳打爆對方塊面」噉^[4]；攻擊性唔一定係想攞對方命或者想對對方造成嚴重傷害嘅，例如好多動物物種嘅公都會喺啲乸面前打交，打贏咗嘅公隻乸就會鍾意佢，令佢得到交配嘅機會，不過喺呢個過程當中啲公通常都唔會想攞對手嘅命或者對對手造成永久性嘅傷害^[5]。
求偶：最基本上係指動物當中搵對象交配嘅過程，例如响孔雀當中，啲孔雀公會開屏嚟吸引啲乸，而啲乸通常都會想揀開起屏上嚟最大最靚嘅公做交配嘅對象^[6]。喺某啲物種嘅動物裏面，求偶可以涉及好複雜同儀式性嘅行為^[7]。

睇埋[編輯]

攷[編輯]

↑ Dugatkin, L. A., & Reeve, H. K. (Eds.). (2000). Game theory and animal behavior. Oxford University Press on Demand.
↑ Capitani, C. L. A. U. D. I. A., Bertelli, I., Varuzza, P., Scandura, M., & Apollonio, M. (2004). A comparative analysis of wolf (Canis lupus) diet in three different Italian ecosystems. Mammalian Biology, 69(1), 1-10.
↑ Barja, I. (2009). Prey and prey-age preference by the Iberian wolf Canis lupus signatus in a multiple-prey ecosystem. Wildlife Biology, 15(2), 147-154.
↑ Miczek, Klaus A.; Almeida, Rosa M. M. de; Kravitz, Edward A.; Rissman, Emilie F.; Boer, Sietse F. de; Raine, Adrian (31 October 2007). "Neurobiology of Escalated Aggression and Violence". Journal of Neuroscience. 27 (44): 11803–11806.
↑ Muller, Martin N; Wrangham, Richard W (2004). "Dominance, aggression and testosterone in wild chimpanzees: A test of the 'challenge hypothesis'". Animal Behaviour. 67: 113–23.
↑ Loyau, Adeline; Jalme, Michel Saint; Sorci, Gabriele (September 2005). "Intra- and Intersexual Selection for Multiple Traits in the Peacock (Pavo cristatus)". Ethology. 111 (9): 810–820.
↑ Tinbergen, Niko; Van Iersel, J. J. A. (1947). "'Displacement Reactions' in the Three-Spined Stickleback". Behaviour. 1 (1): 56-63.

[1] Dugatkin, L. A., & Reeve, H. K. (Eds.). (2000). Game theory and animal behavior. Oxford University Press on Demand.

[2] Capitani, C. L. A. U. D. I. A., Bertelli, I., Varuzza, P., Scandura, M., & Apollonio, M. (2004). A comparative analysis of wolf (Canis lupus) diet in three different Italian ecosystems. Mammalian Biology, 69(1), 1-10.

[3] Barja, I. (2009). Prey and prey-age preference by the Iberian wolf Canis lupus signatus in a multiple-prey ecosystem. Wildlife Biology, 15(2), 147-154.

[4] Miczek, Klaus A.; Almeida, Rosa M. M. de; Kravitz, Edward A.; Rissman, Emilie F.; Boer, Sietse F. de; Raine, Adrian (31 October 2007). "Neurobiology of Escalated Aggression and Violence". Journal of Neuroscience. 27 (44): 11803–11806.

[5] Muller, Martin N; Wrangham, Richard W (2004). "Dominance, aggression and testosterone in wild chimpanzees: A test of the 'challenge hypothesis'". Animal Behaviour. 67: 113–23.

[6] Loyau, Adeline; Jalme, Michel Saint; Sorci, Gabriele (September 2005). "Intra- and Intersexual Selection for Multiple Traits in the Peacock (Pavo cristatus)". Ethology. 111 (9): 810–820.

[7] Tinbergen, Niko; Van Iersel, J. J. A. (1947). "'Displacement Reactions' in the Three-Spined Stickleback". Behaviour. 1 (1): 56-63.

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