高級管理人員

高級管理人員（英文：senior management），又叫高級管理層，簡稱高層或者高管，指一啲管理成個組織嘅人，喺牟利組織當中包括咗行政總裁（CEO）同董事會（board of directors）等等。

佢哋負責控制同監管成個組織嘅運作，會喺頂層嗰度設定策略計劃、公司政策、同埋為個組織嘅整體方向做決策。佢哋亦都可能會喺動員外界資源上扮演主導嘅角色（例如係同外界組織打交道）。呢啲頂層管理者要向股東、社會大眾、同埋監管企業嘅公共組織負責，亦都因為噉，頂層管理者好多時會做個組織對外界嘅「面」，令到大眾將佢同個組織聯想埋一齊^[1]。出名嘅例子有蘋果公司嘅創辦人兼（生前係）行政總裁喬布斯（Steve Jobs）噉^[2]，佢喺好多場合之下都會出面代表蘋果公司向社會大眾講嘢，令到好多人一講起蘋果公司就會諗起佢。

董事會嘅成員（董事）主要係一啲對股東有受託人式責任嘅非行政人員，喺多數嘅牟利組織當中都係比較少參與個組織嘅日常運作。據估計，財富美國五百強（Fortune 500）入面嘅公司嘅董事平均每個禮拜用 4.4 個鐘頭做董事會相關嘅工作，而喺 2016 年佢哋平均年薪係 245,000 美元^[3]。董事負責設定組織嘅策略、做啲好似買起第啲公司等嘅重大決定，仲會幫手請或者炒啲頂層管理人員（包括咗行政總裁）^[4]，而事實係，對於做行政總裁嘅人嚟講，「要點樣應對董事會」係一個大問題，有近期嘅調查顯示，行政總裁最常俾人插嘅係「唔識應對啲董事」。董事會有陣時又會直接同某啲員工接觸^[5]。

睇埋

中級管理人員

攷

↑ Kleiman, Lawrence S. "Management and Executive Development." Reference for Business:Encyclopedia of Business (2010): n.p. 25 Mar 2011.
↑ "The Lost Interview: Steve Jobs Tells Us What Really Matters". Forbes.
↑ Pay Raises for Corporate Board Members Far Outpace Average Americans'. Fortune.
↑ P. Blumberg, 'Reflections on Proposals for Corporate Reform Through Change in the Composition of the Board of Directors: "Special Interest" or "Public" Directors' (1973) 53 Boston University Law Review 547.
↑ 2013 CEO Performance Evaluation Survey. Stanford Graduate School of Business.

呢篇同管理學有關嘅文係楔位文。歡迎幫維基百科擴寫佢。

[1] Kleiman, Lawrence S. "Management and Executive Development." Reference for Business:Encyclopedia of Business (2010): n.p. 25 Mar 2011.

[2] "The Lost Interview: Steve Jobs Tells Us What Really Matters". Forbes.

[3] Pay Raises for Corporate Board Members Far Outpace Average Americans'. Fortune.

[4] P. Blumberg, 'Reflections on Proposals for Corporate Reform Through Change in the Composition of the Board of Directors: "Special Interest" or "Public" Directors' (1973) 53 Boston University Law Review 547.

[5] 2013 CEO Performance Evaluation Survey. Stanford Graduate School of Business.

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