程式語言理論
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程式語言理論(粵拼:cing4 sik1 jyu5 jin4 lei5 leon6;英文:programming language theory,PLT)係電腦科學嘅一個子領域,包含研究程式語言應該點樣設計、分析同埋分類嘅一套理論[1]。
程式語言係為咗俾用家可以俾命令落電腦而設嘅人工語言,為嘅係想要令電腦易用啲:原則上,電腦淨係識得睇完全由一串串 1 同 0 組成嘅機械碼(machine code),而呢啲一大串嘅 1 同 0 對一般人嚟講相當難明[2];電腦嘅設計者就創造出好似組合語言(asm)同高階程式語言等嘅程式語言-用呢啲語言寫成嘅源碼喺俾部電腦攞去行之前會轉化成機械碼,不過呢啲語言往往俾人設計成易睇過機械語言,令程式編寫呢家嘢易做啲。而隨住電腦科技嘅發展,廿一世紀初嘅電腦界出咗好多隻唔同嘅程式語言,每款程式語言都有獨特嘅功能[1][3]。
程式語言理論做嘅就係嘗試比較唔同嘅程式語言:程式語言理論會用邏輯等形式化(formalized)-即係每個符號都有清晰定義,唔似得自然語言咁多歧義-嘅語言嚟表達唔同嘅程式語言,剖析唔同程式語言彼此之間喺解難能力上有乜嘢差異,例如係「某隻程式語言會唔會比起第啲語言更加擅長解某啲類型嘅問題」等嘅課題[4]。呢啲理論思考會同數學、軟件工程、語言學同認知科學等嘅領域互相影響,而且對電腦應用-例如係新程式語言嘅設計噉-嚟講相當緊要[5]。
睇埋[編輯]
參考文獻[編輯]
- Abadi, Martín and Cardelli, Luca. A Theory of Objects. Springer-Verlag.
攷[編輯]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Gordon, M. J. (1988). Programming language theory and its implementation (Vol. 10). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
- ↑ Tech Target - machine code (machine language).
- ↑ Gunter, Carl and Mitchell, John C. (eds.). Theoretical Aspects of Object Oriented Programming Languages: Types, Semantics, and Language Design. MIT Press.
- ↑ Prechelt, L. (2000). An empirical comparison of seven programming languages (PDF). Computer, 33(10), 23-29.
- ↑ White, G. L., & Sivitanides, M. P. (2002). A theory of the relationships between cognitive requirements of computer programming languages and programmers' cognitive characteristics (PDF). Journal of information systems education, 13(1), 59.
拎[編輯]
- Lambda the Ultimate, a community weblog for professional discussion and repository of documents on programming language theory.
- Great Works in Programming Languages. Collected by Benjamin C. Pierce (University of Pennsylvania).